Managing Naturally Occurring Ammonia in Ground Water Systems
Citation:
Lytle, D. Managing Naturally Occurring Ammonia in Ground Water Systems. 2019 Small Drinking Water Systems Meeting, Addison,TX, May 21 - 22, 2019.
Impact/Purpose:
Effects of Elevated Ammonia Levels in Source Water and Drinking Water • Biological fouling of filters • Wastewater discharge limits • Oxidant/chlorine demand • Difficulty complying with on C∙t requirements • Interferes with As(III) oxidation • Iron/manganese removal (?) Nitrification in the distribution system • Taste and odor complaints • Increased corrosion (pH drop) • Iron release • Nitrite/nitrate formation Source Water Ammonia Treatment Options • Monochloramine formation • Formed when chlorine is added • Difficult to manage • Breakpoint chlorination (DBP concerns) • Biological treatment • Others: • ion exchange • reverse osmosis • chemical oxidation
Description:
Effects of Elevated Ammonia Levels in Source Water and Drinking Water • Biological fouling of filters • Wastewater discharge limits • Oxidant/chlorine demand • Difficulty complying with on C∙t requirements • Interferes with As(III) oxidation • Iron/manganese removal (?) Nitrification in the distribution system • Taste and odor complaints • Increased corrosion (pH drop) • Iron release • Nitrite/nitrate formation Source Water Ammonia Treatment Options • Monochloramine formation • Formed when chlorine is added • Difficult to manage • Breakpoint chlorination (DBP concerns) • Biological treatment • Others: • ion exchange • reverse osmosis • chemical oxidation