Disrupting the immune system by diesel pollution
Citation:
Diaz-Sanchez, D. Disrupting the immune system by diesel pollution. European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Munich, Bavaria, GERMANY, May 26 - 30, 2018.
Impact/Purpose:
For 25 years, clinical, animal and epidemiological studies have shown associations between diesel exhaust and allergic disease. Understanding the basis of this association is critical to determining the non-cancer effects of diesel. This review of the literature including EPA research helps to inform any future US EPA decision on whether there is sufficient evidence for the development of a short-term exposure limit, or acute RfC.
Description:
For 25 years, clinical, animal and epidemiological studies have shown associations between diesel exhaust and allergic disease. Diesel particles have the potential to increase allergic symptoms, increase cellular inflammation enhance allergic antibodies and prime allergic sensitization. However, not all diesel particles are equal. A comparison from different sources has shown that those rich in poly aromatic hydrocarbons have the most potent adjuvant/pro-allergic effects. Diesel exposure can also increase viral load and enhance viral inflammation. Recent studies suggest that the cytokine IL-25 may explain the link between allergy, viral infection and asthma. Diesel exposure increases IL-25 expression in the airways and it appears that it is regulated by the small noncoding RNA (microRNA) MiR-181.