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Oxidative Stress from Environmental Exposures
Citation:
Samet, J. AND P. Wages. Oxidative Stress from Environmental Exposures. Current Opinion in Toxicology. Elsevier BV, AMSTERDAM, Netherlands, 7:60-66, (2017).
Impact/Purpose:
Oxidative stress has been proposed as a fundamental unifying mechanism by which many chemicals and pollutants exert their adverse health effects. The ability to accurately measure the potential of environmental agents to cause oxidative stress would be an important predictor of toxicity that could be used for risk assessment. This review describes the methods by which this could be achieved and the progress made so far in reaching this goal.
Description:
The authors provide their scientific perspective on current concepts and trends on the subject of oxidative stress and how it contributes to the toxicity of environmental agents. Oxidative stress is arguably the most common mechanism in the toxicology of environmental agents, unifying the action of broad classes of physichochemically disparate environmental pollutants, including oxidant gases, organic compounds, particulate surfaces, and metal ions. As advances in redox biology identify previously unrecognized targets for disruption by exposure to xenobiotics, redox toxicology has emerged as a new field of investigation. Environmental contaminants can induce oxidative stress on cells through mechanisms that are direct, indirect or involve the disruption of metabolic or bioenergetic processes that are regulated by thiol redox switches. Live-cell imaging has proven to be a powerful approach to the study of environmental oxidative stress. Cells are equipped with multiple complementary energy-dependent systems for maintaining redox homeostasis in the face of environmental oxidative stress.
