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IMMUNOTOXICITY OF DlBROMOACETIC ACID ADMINISTERED VIA DRINKING WATER TO FEMALE B6C3Fl MICE
Citation:
Smith, M. J., D. R. Germolec, R. W. LUEBKE, C. M. Sheth, W. Auttachoat, T. L. Guo, AND K. L. White. IMMUNOTOXICITY OF DlBROMOACETIC ACID ADMINISTERED VIA DRINKING WATER TO FEMALE B6C3Fl MICE. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY. Taylor & Francis, Inc., Philadelphia, PA, 7(4):333-343, (2010).
Impact/Purpose:
Dibromoacetic acid (DBA) is a disinfection by product commonly found in drinking water as a result of chlorinationlozonation processes. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential immunotoxicological effects of DBA exposure when administered for 28 days via drinking water to B6C3Fl mice at concentrations of 125, SOD, and 1000 mg/L. Multiple endpoints were evaluated to assess innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immune components, as well as host resistance. Standard toxicological parameters were unaffected, with the exception of a dose-responsive increase in liver weight and a decrease in thymus weight at the two highest exposure levels. Exposure to DBA did not significantly affect humoral, cell-mediated or innate immune functions. Furthermore, DBA exposure had no effect on resistance to infection with either Streptococcus pneumoniae or Plasmodiumyoelii,orchallengewith B16F1amelanoma cells. These results indicate that DBA exposure resulted in no immunotoxic effects at concentrations much larger than considered acceptable in human drinking water.
Description:
Dibromoacetic acid (DBA) is a disinfection by product commonly found in drinking water as a result of chlorination/ozonation processes. The EPA estimates that more than 200 million people consume disinfected water in the U.S. (EPA 1998). This study was conducted to evaluate the potential immunotoxicological effects of DBA exposure when administered for 28 days via drinking water to B6C3FI mice at concentrations of 125, 500, and 1000 mg/L. Multiple endpoints were evaluated to assess innate, humoral, and cell-mediated immune components, as well as host resistance. Standard toxicological parameters were unaffected, with the exception of a dose-responsive increase in liver weight and a decrease in thymus weight at the two highest exposure levels. Splenocyte differentials were affected, although the effects were not dose-responsive. Exposure to DBA did not significantly affect humoral immunity (lgM plaque assay and serum IgM anti-sheep erythrocyte titers) or cell-mediated immunity (mixed leukocyte response). No effects were observed on innate immune function in either IFN-y-induced in vitro macrophage cytotoxic activity or basal natural killer (NK) cell activity. Augmented NK cell activity (following exposure to polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid) was decreased at the low dose, however the effect was not dose-responsive. Finally, DBA exposure had no effect on resistance to infection with either Streptococcus pneumoniae or Plasmodium yoelii, or challenge with B16F10 melanoma cells. With the exception of changes in thymus weight, these results indicate that DBA exposure resulted in no immunotoxic effects at concentrations much larger than considered acceptable in human drinking water.
