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Cardiovascular Effects of Concentrated Ambient Fine and Ultrafine Particulate Matter Exposure in Healthy Older Volunteers
Citation:
TONG, H., M. BASSETT, T. MONTILLA, M. Caughey, A. Hinderliter, A. RAPPOLD, D. DIAZ SANCHEZ, R. B. DEVLIN, AND J. M. SAMET. Cardiovascular Effects of Concentrated Ambient Fine and Ultrafine Particulate Matter Exposure in Healthy Older Volunteers. Presented at American Thoracic Society meeting, New Orleans, LA, May 14 - 19, 2010.
Impact/Purpose:
These findings show that short-term exposure to CAP results in acute cardiovascular effects in healthy older adults.
Description:
Rationale: Epidemiological studies have shown an association between the incidence of adverse cardiovascular effects and exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM). Advanced age is among the factors identified as conferring susceptibility to PM inhalation. In order to characterize the cardiopulmonary effects of PM in older healthy subjects, we studied a cohort of 11 subjects undergoing face-mask exposure to filtered air (FA) or fine and ultrafine PM (CAP) concentrated in real time from the ambient air in Chapel Hill, NC. Methods: Baseline brachial artery indices and endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (FMD) were assessed by ultrasound imaging pre, immediately post and 18 hr post exposure. Blood pressure was monitored every 15 min during exposure, every 30 min during waking time, and every 2 hr during sleep hrs. Heart rate variability (HRV) was also measured pre, immediately post and 18 hr post exposure. Pulmonary function and coagulation markers were also evaluated. Results: Preliminary findings indicate that exposure to CAP resulted in a statistically significant reduction of baseline brachial artery blood flow compared to pre-exposure (0.09±
1.99ml/mininFAvs. -3.64±1.92ml/minin CAP; p