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CONTROL OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINANTS AND DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: COST AND PERFORMANCE
Citation:
Clark*, R M., J Q. Adams*, V Sethi**, AND M Sivaganesan. CONTROL OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINANTS AND DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: COST AND PERFORMANCE. J. Edzwald (ed.), JOURNAL OF WATER SUPPLY: RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY - AQUA. IWA Publishing, London, Uk, 47(6):255-265, (1998).
Impact/Purpose:
to present information
Description:
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) is in the process of developing a sophisticated regulatory strategy in an attempt to balance the risks associated with disinfectants and disinfection by-products (D/DBP) in drinking water. A major aspect of this strategy is the appropriate application of disinfectants and other treatment technologies to minimize the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). This paper explores the cost and performance associated with these technological choices. IT is clear that the least expensive choice for controlling chlorinated by-products would be to utilize an alternate disinfectant. However, precursor removal by enhanced coagulation and/or the application of granular activated carbon and membrane technology are very effective in controlling DBPs. The removal of precursors can have the effect of controlling both chemical and microbiological risks.
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CONTROL OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINANTS AND DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS IN DRINKING WATER: COST AND PERFORMANCE