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Methodological review and detailed guidance for the life cycle interpretation phase
Citation:
Laurent, A., B. Weidema, J. Bare, X. Liao, D. Maia de Souza, M. Pizzol, S. Sala, H. Schreiber, N. Thonemann, AND F. Verones. Methodological review and detailed guidance for the life cycle interpretation phase. JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY. Berkeley Electronic Press, Berkeley, CA, 24(5):986-1003, (2020). https://doi.org/10.1111/jiec.13012
Impact/Purpose:
Life cycle interpretation is the fourth and last phase of life cycle assessment (LCA). Being a “pivot” phase linking all other phases and the conclusions and recommendations from an LCA study, it represents a challenging task for practitioners, who miss harmonised guidelines that are sufficiently complete, detailed and practical to effectively conduct the different steps within life cycle interpretation. Here we aim to bridge this gap by providing such guidance.
Description:
Life cycle interpretation is the fourth and last phase of life cycle assessment (LCA). Being a “pivot” phase linking all other phases and the conclusions and recommendations from an LCA study, it represents a challenging task for practitioners, who miss harmonized guidelines that are sufficiently complete, detailed, and practical to conduct its different steps effectively. Here, we aim to bridge this gap. We review available literature describing the life cycle interpretation phase, including standards, LCA books, technical reports, and relevant scientific literature. On this basis, we evaluate and clarify the definition and purposes of the interpretation phase and propose an array of methods supporting its conduct in LCA practice. The five steps of interpretation defined in ISO 14040–44 are proposed to be reorganized around a framework that offers a more pragmatic approach to interpretation. It orders the steps as follows: (i) completeness check, (ii) consistency check, (iii) sensitivity check, (iv) identification of significant issues, and (v) conclusions, limitations, and recommendations. We provide toolboxes, consisting of methods and procedures supporting the analyses, computations, points to evaluate or check, and reflective processes for each of these steps.
URLs/Downloads:
DOI: Methodological review and detailed guidance for the life cycle interpretation phase
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