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Sorption of organophosphate flame retardants on impervious surfaces
Citation:
Liu, X., Y. Liang, AND M. Allen. Sorption of organophosphate flame retardants on impervious surfaces. To be Presented at The 15th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality & Climate (ISIAQ), Philadelphia,PA, July 22 - 27, 2018.
Impact/Purpose:
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP), are produced and widely used as alternative additives in building materials and consumer products. Emissions of OPFRs from source materials usually occur slowly but are readily adsorbed to and/or absorbed by interior surfaces, airborne particles, and settled dust. Human exposure to OPFRs is likely to occur through inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion. Understanding the sorption mechanisms of OPFRs on indoor surfaces is a prerequisite to characterizing their fate and transport in indoor environments and further developing strategies to limit exposures and pro-tect human health. Simplified Langmuir isotherm and Freundlich isotherm in a dynamic sink model were used to characterize the sorption dynamics of OPFRs on impervious surfaces such as stainless steel. Both models and the parameters obtained were employed to predict the gas phase concentrations of OPFRs in a small chamber with an emission source. Comparisons between model predictions and measurements demonstrate the reliability and applicability of the sorption parameters. This research helps to better understand small chamber sink effects and find ways to minimize them for dual chamber system sorption testing of consumer products and building materials. The research will also help those who use chamber test data and mass transfer parameters for indoor SVOC source emission and fate and transport modelling, given that stainless steel is the most widely used and convenient type of material for configuring test chambers.
Description:
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), such as tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP), tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), and tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP), are produced and widely used as alternative additives in building materials and consumer products.