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Joint measurements of black carbon and particle mass for heavy-duty diesel vehicles using a portable emission measurement system
Citation:
Baldauf, R., X. Zheng, Y. Wu, S. Zhang, K. Zhang, AND J. Hao. Joint measurements of black carbon and particle mass for heavy-duty diesel vehicles using a portable emission measurement system. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 141:435-442, (2016).
Impact/Purpose:
Evaluation of a novel method to collect black carbon measurements on-board a moving motor vehicle
Description:
The black carbon (BC) emitted from heavy-duty diesel vehicles(HDDVs) is an important source of urban atmospheric pollution and createsstrong climate-forcing impacts. The emission ratio of BC to totalparticle mass (PM) (i.e., BC/PM ratio) is an essential variable used toestimate total BC emissions from historical PM data; however, theseratios have not been measured using portable emission measurement systems(PEMS) in order to obtain real-world measurements over a wide range ofdriving conditions. In this study, we developed a PEMS platform byintegrating two Aethalometers and an electric low pressure impactor torealize the joint measurement of real-world BC and PM emissions for tenHDDVs in China. Test results showed that the average BC/PM ratio for fiveHDDVs equipped with mechanical fuel injection (MI) engines was 0.43±0.06,significantly lower (P<0.05) than another five HDDVs equipped withelectronically-controlled fuel injection (EI) engines (0.56±0.12).Traffic conditions also affected the BC/PM ratios with higher BC/PMratios on freeway routes than on local roads. Further, higher ratios wereobserved for HDDVs equipped with EI engines than for the MI engines forthe highway and local road routes. With an operating mode binningapproach, we observed that the instantaneous BC/PM ratios of EI enginevehicles were above those of the MI engine vehicles in all operatingmodes except for the braking mode (i.e., Bin 0). Therefore, the compleximpacts from engine technology and traffic conditions on BC/PM ratiosshould be carefully considered when estimating real-world BC emissionsfrom HDDVs based on overall PM emissions data
