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SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF 35 DBPS WITH ANALYSIS BY GC/ECD AND GC/MS 2007
Citation:
CHINN, R., T. LEE, S. KRASNER, M. DALE, S. D. RICHARDSON, J. G. PRESSMAN, T. F. SPETH, R. J. MILTNER, AND J. E. SIMMONS. SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION OF 35 DBPS WITH ANALYSIS BY GC/ECD AND GC/MS 2007. In Proceedings, 2007 AWWA Water Quality and Technology Conference, Charlotte, NC, November 04 - 08, 2007. American Water Works Association, Denver, CO, ., (2007).
Impact/Purpose:
to present information
Description:
An analytical method for 35 disinfection by-products (DBPs) was developed for a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) health effects study. A toxicological evaluation was conducted on drinking water that was ‘scaled-up’ using reverse osmosis (RO) by concentrating the total organic carbon (TOC) from a treated surface water by ˜130–fold, adjusting the bromide concentration to reestablish the natural TOC to bromide ratio, and subjecting the concentrate to chlorination, using a similar chlorine dose to TOC ratio as would be used in conventional treatment. This concentrated water presented analytical challenges, which were resolved by merging two methods, which provided excellent quality control data while increasing the efficiency of the analysis and offering confirmation data for 19 of the target analytes. An automated solid phase extraction procedure was used for all of the sample preparation and the liquid–liquid extraction method was eliminated. The sample extract was divided into two separate volumes for analysis by two different instruments. The previously used liquid–liquid extraction method offered better extraction recoveries; however other drawbacks resulted in using the solid phase extraction method. Quality control data was compared between the two instrumental methods and were found to be similar. Disinfection by–product degradation was shown to occur in two ways: base catalyzed hydrolysis in water and by thermal losses during heated injections on the gas chromatograph. Analytical conditions were chosen to minimize these problems.
