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ACUTE TOXICITY, BIOCONCENTRATION AND PERSISTENCE OF AC 222,705, BENTHIOCARB, CHLORPYRIFOS, FENVALERATE, METHYL PARATHION AND PERMETHRIN IN THE ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENT
Citation:
Schimmel, S., R.L. Garnas, J. Patrick, Jr., AND J. Moore. ACUTE TOXICITY, BIOCONCENTRATION AND PERSISTENCE OF AC 222,705, BENTHIOCARB, CHLORPYRIFOS, FENVALERATE, METHYL PARATHION AND PERMETHRIN IN THE ESTUARINE ENVIRONMENT. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-83/124 (NTIS PB84138577), 1983.
Description:
Six pesticides were evaluated in laboratory studies to determine acute (96-h) toxicity, octanol-water partition coefficient (log P), solubility, and persistence in seawater. In addition, three of the six pesticides (synthetic pyrethroids) were tested by using the eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) in long-term (28-day) tests to determine their respective bioconcentration factors (BCF). Acute toxicity tests provided the following decreasing order of toxicity to estuarine crustaceans and fishes: AC 222,705, fenvalerate, permethrin, chlorpyrifos, methyl parathion, and benthiocarb. The estuarine mysid (Mysidopsis bahia) was consistently the most sensitive species, with LC50 values as low as 0.008 micrograms/L. The sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) was generally the least sensitive (range of LC50 values = 1.1-1370 micrograms/L). Log P values were inversely related to solubility in seawater.