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Freshwater Salinization Syndrome: A Global Water Quality Threat
Citation:
Mayer, P. Freshwater Salinization Syndrome: A Global Water Quality Threat. 2nd Baghdad International Water Conference, Baghdad, IRAQ, March 05 - 07, 2022.
Impact/Purpose:
As an Embassy Science Fellow, I have been invited by the US State Department to present to the 2nd Baghdad International Water Conference. Themes of the conference include 1) water resource management under climate change, 2) surface and groundwater pollution mitigation, and 3) wetland sustainability. My presentation is intended to relate monitoring and green infrastructure remediation techniques used in the US in a context relevant to Iraq and elsewhere in the Middle East. This presentation is part of a broader interaction with the Republic of Iraq via my fellowship including topics such as dam safety, developing water quality indexes, phytoremediation of sewage and other pollutants, and irrigation in saline environments.
Description:
Salinization of freshwater has increased in the US and elsewhere around the world due to natural geologic and man-made sources. Salinization causes a phenomenon called freshwater salinization syndrome that includes increased concentrations of contaminants such as heavy metals and nutrients in water. The result is a reduction in water quality for both humans and agriculture. I present data from multiple studies over our long-term research efforts to identify and quantify factors (including human activities, flowpaths, geology, climate, and time) that drive the progression of freshwater salinization syndrome. I discuss monitoring approaches for understanding the behavior of salts during flashy flows in stream and stormwater systems. Finally, I discuss potential for management approaches to reduce salt concentrations and loads in aquatic ecosystems.