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Evaluating Targeted Monitoring Approaches for Drinking Water Lead Sampling
Citation:
Urbanic, M., R. Achtemeier, A. Paul, C. Muhlen, AND D. Lytle. Evaluating Targeted Monitoring Approaches for Drinking Water Lead Sampling. Small Systems Drinking Water Workshop, Covington, KY, August 29 - September 01, 2022.
Impact/Purpose:
Lead is a regulated toxin in the U.S. under the Lead and Copper Rule (LCR) within the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). As part of the LCR, cities must sample for drinking water lead levels through the U.S. regulatory sampling method, first draw sampling. Regulatory sampling provides useful information, but there are other questions being asked that cannot be answered using those samples. This poster gives detailed descriptions, visualizations, and sampling type comparison data of targeted drinking water lead monitoring approaches. Understanding the value of each sampling type will provide context to the results of lead monitoring studies. Communities and cities looking to apply a more targeted approach to their drinking water lead sampling will benefit from learning all the sampling types that could be applicable to their situation.
Description:
There is no universal lead sampling approach for drinking water. It is important to understand the objectives of the sampling event to properly choose the sampling approach to be used, including regulatory and compliance sampling, sampling for lead source assessment/lead service line (LSL) identification, and exposure-assessment sampling. This poster discusses several different types of drinking water lead sampling, including First Draw, Random Daytime, Sequential, and Manual Composite Sampling in detail through visual aids and sampling comparison data.