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LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS
Citation:
Mata, T. M., R L. Smith*, D M. Young*, AND C. V. Costa. LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF GASOLINE BLENDING OPTIONS. Presented at 5th internationalNATO/CCMS Pilot Study-Cleaner Products & Processes, Vilnius, LITHUANIA, May 12 - 17, 2002.
Impact/Purpose:
To inform the public.
Description:
Most petroleum refineries are facing the challenge of producing gasoline, which contains the desirable properties and complies with the ever-increasing environmental regulations and health restrictions. The impact of gasoline on the environment is directly related to its composition and properties. Reducing volatile organic compound (VOC) evaporative and leak emissions has assumed a high priority. Measures to control the emissions of VOCs, resulting from storage of gasoline and its distribution from terminals to service stations, are defined by an EU Directive (94/63/EC). Another EU fuels Directive (98/70/EC) specified that starting in the year 2000 a much lower Reid Vapour pressure (RVP) of 60 kPa maximum be in effect for the summer period.
Gasoline refining, storage, handling, transportation and marketing involve many distinct operations, each of which represents a potential source of evaporation losses, as equipment leaks result in fugitive emissions. Substances emitted to the atmosphere from gasoline activities are the cause of many current and potential environmental impacts and implications of different strategies and to set explicit objectives and constraints for environmental improvement.