Related Topics: Homeland Security Research

Homeland Security Research Products in the Science Inventory

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Records with

  • Keyword = 'homeland security' AND 'water infrastructure' AND decontamination NOT (presentation OR poster),
  • Published or Presented Date after 01/01/2003.
Records 1 to 25 of 100

2023
Characterizing Bacillus globigii as a Bacillus anthracis surrogate for wastewater treatment studies and bioaerosol emissions
(JOURNAL) [Published : Dec 01, 2023]
This study characterized Bacillus globigii (BG) as a Bacillus anthracis Sterne (BAS) surrogate for wastewater treatment-related studies of UV inactivation, adsorption onto powdered activated carbon (PAC), and bioaerosol emission. The inactivation of BG was faster than that of BAS...
2022
Updated Content for the Water Infrastructure Decontamination Section of the Emergency Response Research Website
(SUMMARY) [Published : Jun 30, 2022]
The Homeland Security Research Program's Emergency Response Reserch website is being updated.  This document provides content for the Infrastrcuture Decontamination section of the website update.
2021
Decontamination of urban surfaces contaminated with radioactive materials and consequent onsite recycling of the waste water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 04, 2021]
Enhancing rapid remediation strategies is paramount for recovery after a large-scale nuclear contamination event in an urban environment. Some current strategies recommend use of readily available equipment, materials, and facilities to expedite recovery. For example, applying pr...
Functional resilience of activated sludge exposed to Bacillus globigii and bacteriophage MS2
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 17, 2021]
This study evaluated the effect of two biocontaminant surrogates on the activity and performance of activated sludge. In the presence of bacteriophage MS2 at 3.2 × 108 PFU/ml, the peak respiration rates varied between 9.1 and 10.5 mg O2/gVSS/hr, generally similar to the rates obs...
2020
Adsorption of bacteriophage MS2 to colloids: Kinetics and particle interactions
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 20, 2020]
Virus adsorption to colloidal particles is an important issue in the water quality community. Namely, if viruses can quickly and strongly associate to colloids, this can potentially lead to significant implications for management of biohazardous wastes at water resource recovery ...
Water Security Toolkit User Manual: Version 1.5
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 25, 2020]
The Water Security Toolkit (WST) is a suite of tools that help provide the information necessary to make good decisions resulting in the minimization of further human exposure to contaminants, and the maximization of the effectiveness of intervention strategies. WST assists in th...
2019
A Bench-Scale Procedure for Evaluating Chlorine Bleach Inactivation of Bacillus Spores in Wash Water from a Cleanup of a Site with Biothreat Agents
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : May 02, 2019]
This report describes a streamlined bench scale procedure which has been developed for testing the efficacy of chlorine bleach for the inactivation of Bacillus spores in wash water originating from a cleanup of a site contaminated with Bacillus anthracis spores.
A case study of cesium sorption onto concrete materials and evaluation of wash agents: Implications for wide area recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2019]
The sorption and desorption properties of radionuclides onto common building materials such as concrete are critical factors in the improvement of techniques for mitigating a release of nuclear or radiological material to the urban environment. A potential option for the early p...
Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure with Physical Removal (Pigging) and Assessment of Pipe Relining Technologies
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 16, 2019]
The objectives of this project were to evaluate the effectiveness of: (1) a physical scouring (pigging) technology for removing Bacillus globigii spores following intentional contamination of the Water Security Test Bed (WSTB). First responders and decision makers managing a wate...
Evaluating Solid Sorbents for Recycling Wash Waters Containing Strontium and Calcium
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
A radiological release from a radiological dispersal device (RDD) or an improvised nuclear device (IND) has the potential to contaminate a vast area both near the dispersal epicenter and via atmospheric deposition of small particles containing the more volatile contaminants. Rapi...
Full-Scale Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure
(SUMMARY) [Published : May 22, 2019]
The drinking water distribution system is vulnerable to contamination, which presents challenges to maintaining good water quality and ensuring water availability. Decontamination of drinking water systems, following an intentional contamination incident or a natural disaster, is...
High Pressure Decontamination of Building Materials During Radiological Incident Recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2019]
High pressure decontamination of certain surface building materials is concluded to be a promising rapid, readily available response technique, with the data from this study informing its practical implementation. Removal efficacy of radionuclides from concrete are high when perf...
Numerical Model for Decontamination of Organic Contaminants in Polyethylene Drinking Water Pipes in Premise Plumbing by Flushing
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2019]
Polymeric materials such as polyethylene and polypropylene are used extensively for drinking water applications. These materials are subject to permeation by organic compounds, such as those found in petroleum products and industrial chemicals, which can result in water quality i...
Quantifying hydraulic and water quality uncertainty to inform sampling of drinking water distribution systems
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jan 01, 2019]
Sampling of drinking water distribution systems is performed to satisfy regulatory requirements but also to respond to customer complaints or emergency situations. Water distribution system modeling techniques can be used to plan and inform sampling strategies; however, a high de...
RAPID VIABILITY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION METHOD FOR DETECTION OF FRANCISELLA TULARENSIS
(JOURNAL) [Published : Nov 01, 2019]
Francisella tularensis, which causes potentially fatal tularemia, has been considered an attractive agent of bioterrorism and biological warfare due to its low infectious dose, reported environmental persistence, and ability to be transmitted to humans via multiple exposure route...
The Use of Hollow Fiber Dialysis Filters Operated in Axial Flow Mode for Recovery of Microorganisms in Large Volume Water Samples with High Loadings of Particulate Matter
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 05, 2019]
The objective of this study was to evaluate axial flow hollow fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) in the recovery of target organisms in large volumes of turbid water that would be similar to water encountered in the cleanup of a biologically contaminated area such as the B. anthracis c...
2018
Decontamination of Bacillus Spores from Drinking Water Infrastructure with Physical Removal (Pigging)
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Sep 25, 2018]
This report summarizes the results of biological decontamination experiments performed at the WSTB focused on removing Bacillus globigii spores adhered to the inner surface of the 8-inch water pipe. B. globigii spores are a non-pathogenic surrogate for B. anthracis, which is the...
Design of Ad Hoc Filtration Beds for Treating Contaminated Waste Waters Final
(PAPER IN NON-EPA PROCEEDINGS) [Published : Mar 27, 2018]
Sensitivity analyses on the system parameters revealed simple relationships between the bed design and the expected breakthrough of cesium, allowing us to generate a concise set of look-up tables to aid the early responders.
Disinfection and flushing of aircraft water systems
(SUMMARY) [Published : Dec 31, 2018]
This project focused on identifying the bacteria that are the potential sources of positive total coliform assays, on locating potential hotspots for bacterial colonization within aircraft plumbing materials, and on investigating the effectiveness of the airline industry’s curren...
Effects of Aging and Decontamination Pressure on the Penetration of Radionuclides into Concrete
(PAPER IN NON-EPA PROCEEDINGS) [Published : Mar 22, 2018]
This study aims to understand the effect of the rapid decontamination methods of high pressure washing and washing with salt additives on the penetration of radionuclides into concrete. To this end, we first identified how penetration profiles of Cs-137, Sr-85, and Eu-152 evolve ...
Evaluation of and environmentally sustainable UV-assisted water treatment system for removal of Bacillus spores in water
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 29, 2018]
In both developing and industrialized nations, a growing number of contaminants are entering water supplies from human activities. In addition, the events of September 11, 2001, in the United States have raised concerns about the potential for intentional contamination of water s...
Mass Imbalances in EPANET Water-quality Simulations
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 06, 2018]
This journal article examines EPANET, which is widely employed to simulate water quality in water distribution systems. However, the time-driven simulation approach used to determine concentrations of water-quality constituents provides accurate results, in general, only for smal...
Municipal and commercial equipment for radiological response and recovery in an urban environment: state of science, research needs, and evaluation of implementation towards critical infrastructure resilience
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : May 01, 2018]
During the immediate, emergency phase of a response, it will be impossible to initiate activities other than establishing life-saving operations and securing a site for the safety of the public and first responders. This report contains a comprehensive list of proposed equipment ...
Persistence and Decontamination of Radioactive Cesium in a Model Drinking Water System
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Jul 17, 2018]
The objective of this report was to evaluate the persistence of radioactive cesium-137 (Cs-137), on concrete-lined, copper, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, and possible decontamination approaches. During this study, conditions within operational drinking water pipes were simul...
Plastic Scintillation Fibers for Radiological Contamination Surveys
(PUBLISHED REPORT) [Published : Mar 28, 2018]
Report