Related Topics: Health Research

Health Research Products in the Science Inventory

Records 1 to 25 of 2365

Assessment of Diiodoacetic Effects on Eye Malformations in a Developmental Toxicity Screen with F344 Rats (PRESENTATION)
Diiodoacetic acid (DIA) is an iodinated haloacetic acid and a drinking water disinfection by-product (DBP) formed in drinking water treated by chloramination (chlorine plus ammonia) to prevent microbial contamination and regrowth. Although disinfection of drinking water has prove...
What's in the air you are breathing anyway? (PRESENTATION)
Product is the abstract and slides.
Scaling Factor Variability and Toxicokinetic Outcomes in Children (PRESENTATION)
Abstract title: Scaling Factor Variability and Toxicokinetic Outcomes in ChildrenBackgroundBiotransformation rates (Vmax) extrapolated from in vitro data are used increasingly in human physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. PBPK models are widely used in human hea...
Get the Lead Out: The Persistent Problem of Lead Exposure from Soil, Dust and Water (PRESENTATION)
The heavy metal lead, a known neurotoxicant, has been used for centuries in a variety of industries and household and consumer products. The choice to use lead reflects its physical/chemical properties including softness, ductility, poor conductibility and resistance to corrosio...
Rubbertown NGEM Demonstration Project - Community Meeting 3 (PRESENTATION)
Rubbertown Next Generation Emission Measurement Demonstration: Background: ...
Disrupting the immune system by diesel pollution (PRESENTATION)
For 25 years, clinical, animal and epidemiological studies have shown associations between diesel exhaust and allergic disease. Diesel particles have the potential to increase allergic symptoms, increase cellular inflammation enhance allergic antibodies and prime allergic sensit...
Thinking outside of the lungs: systemic stress response as a pathway and modifier of air pollution health effects (PRESENTATION)
This poster will describe the effects of non-chemical stressors (e.g. noise) on the physiological response to air pollution, as well as the role of systemic stress pathways in the mediating the adverse health effects. The findings presented here are important because they elucida...
Long-term trends in fire behavior and changes in population at risk (PRESENTATION)
Long-term trends in fire behavior and changes in population at risk Rappold AG, Peterson GC, US EPA Matt Jolly, USFS Air pollution regulations and technological advances have successfully reduced emissions of air pollutants from many anthropogenic sources in recent decades. Duri...
Does overall environmental quality affect end-stage renal disease survival? (PRESENTATION)
Prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the U.S. increased by 74% from 2000 to 2013, with a 5-year survival of only 42%. To investigate associations between environmental quality and ESRD survival time, we used the Environmental Quality Index (EQI), an aggregate measure o...
Carbon dioxide challenge enhances the sensitivity of whole body plethysmography (WBP) measurements of lung growth and ozone-induced changes in juvenile Long-Evans rats. (PRESENTATION)
Background. Risk factors associated with development of childhood disorders such as asthma and obesity include prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction. We recently demonstrated that exposure of Long Evans rats in early pregnancy to the air pollutant, ozone, resulted in re...
Understanding and Implementing Limited IRB Review (PRESENTATION)
• The Common Rule regulations that govern human subjects research were revised in January 2017, and are currently scheduled to take effect in July 2018. Among the many changes that affect researchers and Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) is a new process for “Limited...
Crafting your Elevator Pitch: Key Features of an Elevator Speech to Help You Reach the Top Floor (PRESENTATION)
You never know when you will end up talking to someone who will end up helping to shape your career. Many of these chance meetings are brief and when you only get 2-3 minutes to make your case everything that you say has to count. This presentation will cover the key features o...
Associations between urban landscape characteristics and Body Mass Index (PRESENTATION)
Obesity is one of the major public-health concerns in many countries today. In the United States, more than 70% of the U.S. adults aged 20 and over are overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity has been grown rapidly during the last three decades. Obesity prevalence is deter...
Metabolomics Approach for Toxicity Screening of Volatile Substances (PRESENTATION)
In 2007 the National Research Council envisioned the need for inexpensive, high throughput, cell based toxicity testing methods relevant to human health. High Throughput Screening (HTS) in vitro screening approaches have addressed these problems by using robotics. However, the ch...
Differential Effects of Wildfire Biomass Smoke Inhalation on Allergic Inflammation in Mice (PRESENTATION)
Wildland fires emit high concentrations of airborne particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds which can impact sensitive populations such as asthmatics. Health effects of these biomass emissions may vary significantly depending on fuel type and burn conditions. We as...
Can Erythrocytes Transmit Oxidative Stress Beyond the Lungs? An Adverse Outcome Pathway for the Cardiovascular Effects of Air Pollution. (PRESENTATION)
Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are systems biology roadmaps with potential utility in xenobiotic exposure risk assessment. AOPs connect molecular initiating events (MIEs) to population-level adverse outcomes (AOs) via cellular, organ, and organism key events (KE) and KE relatio...
Long Acting β2 Adrenergic Potentiates Ozone-Induced Lung Injury and Inflammation (PRESENTATION)
Ozone (O3), a ubiquitous air pollutant, disproportionately affects asthmatics. We have shown that O3-induced lung injury and inflammation are associated with increased circulating epinephrine and corticosterone, and inhibiting β adrenergic receptors (AR) and glucocor...
Acute Peat Smoke Inhalation Increases Blood Pressure and Cardiac Arrhythmia Risk in Rats (PRESENTATION)
Wildland fires are increasingly linked to adverse health impacts related to poor air quality. For instance, short-term exposure to smoldering peat (SP) air pollution in eastern North Carolina during separate burns in 2008 and 2011 led to increased cardiopulmonary emergency room v...
Acrolein-induced arrhythmias and autonomic imbalance due to early life persistent vitamin D deficiency in mice is mediated by the putative anti-aging factor klotho. (PRESENTATION)
Although epidemiological, human and animal data have conclusively linked air pollution exposure to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, the severity of responses depends on a number of intrinsic (diet, underlying disease, etc) and extrinsic (e.g. co-stressors) factors. As such, cardi...
Serum from ozone-exposed pregnant rats impairs viability and wound repair in trophoblasts in vitro (PRESENTATION)
In our previous studies, ozone (O3) exposure during implantation [gestational day (GD) 5 and 6)] in rats resulted in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), suggesting impairment of implantation with exposure. The aim of this study was to (1) determine if serum collected from pre...
Intermittent noise stress causes baroreflex desensitization and decreased heart rate variability in Wistar Kyoto rats exposed to ozone (PRESENTATION)
This study shows that intermittent noise stress worsens the cardiopulmonary response of rats to ozone. It increases electrical disturbances and causes dysfunction the homeostatic regulation of the heart and vasculature. Although the acute cardiovascular health impacts o...
Operating Procedures to Improve Efficiencies of In vitro Exposure Systems at the Air-Liquid Interface (PRESENTATION)
The expanding use of in vitro exposure systems for toxicity assessments has created regulatory concerns. Many of these same concerns surround the proper conduct of in vivo inhalation toxicology studies that are addressed in guidelines and Good Laboratory Practice (GLPs) regulatio...
Understanding Air-Liquid Interface Cell Exposure Systems: A Comprehensive Assessment of Various Systems Under Identical Conditions (PRESENTATION)
Exposure of cells to atmospheric pollutants at the air-liquid interface (ALI) is a more realistic approach than exposures of attached cells submerged in liquid medium. However, there is still limited understanding of the ideal ALI system design features that permit reproducible a...
Health effects from smoke exposure as reported by users of the EPA’s Smoke Sense application (PRESENTATION)
Background: Large wildfires are increasing in frequency and contribute substantially to the air quality across the United States. Smoke Sense is an initiative that aims to understand the health effects of wildfire smoke exposure and evaluate effective forms of communication. The...
Application of a large electronic health record database to study effects of air quality on mortality in a heart failure population (PRESENTATION)
Background: Electronic health records (EHRs) are now a ubiquitous component of the US healthcare system and are attractive for secondary data analysis as they contain detailed and longitudinal clinical records on potentially millions of individuals. However, due to their relative...