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Systematic evidence maps (SEMs) are increasingly used as a problem formulation tool to refine the focus of questions that get addressed in subsequent assessments and expedite assessment development {Thayer, 2022, 10476150}. SEMs can be defined as ¿A comprehensive summary o...

Inorganic nitrate and nitrite are naturally occurring anions that play an essential role in Earth’s nitrogen cycle. The general population is exposed to nitrate and nitrite from both food and drinking water sources. However, there is evidence that under certain exposure con...

Effective risk communication designed for risk management increases concern and motivates action by providing guidance and specific actions that can be taken. When exposures to environmental contaminants or stressors are ubiquitous or pollutant sources are not easily controlled, ...

The protection of human and ecological health has become more challenging because of the myriad of human and climate stressors, and the sustainability of our social, economic, and environmental systems would be enhanced by further defensible risk assessment. There are scientific,...

Background and Purpose. PFAS are known developmental toxicants that impact physiology, growth, and metabolism and are also associated with impacts to kidney health. Kidney disease is one the of well-established diseases associated with PFAS exposure. The environmental etiology of...

6PPD (N1-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-N4-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine), a widely used rubber antioxidant in tire manufacturing, has garnered increasing global attention, following the discovery that its ozone-oxidation product, 6PPD-q, is the primary toxicant responsible for urban runoff m...

The 2023 Canadian wildfires resulted in substantial emissions to air. In this work, we used predicted concentrations of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ozone across the U.S. and Canada to estimate the potential impacts of 2023 Canadian wildfi...

Given the continually available digitized up-to-date, long-term, and fine resolution precipitation dataset from the United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service’s (USDAFS) Experimental Forests (EF) based rain gauge stations, it is both important and relevant to de...

Intracellular oxidative stress is a common mechanism of cellular dysregulation as a result of supraphysiological levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This imbalance in redox homeostasis underlies the response arising from exposure to a wide variety of xenobiotics and environm...

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) both in adulthood and during developmental stages is associated with poorer fertility. However, there is increasing recognition that components of food may modify the toxicity of environmental pollutants by altering the absorption of such chemicals, or th...

This is a guest lecture I will give at UNC for an Environmental Issues in Public Health class about the topic of PFAS.

Gene profiles in animals exposed to two prototypic thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals, one acting to inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis by inhibiting the enzyme thyroperoxidase (TPO), the other that blocks iodine uptake into the thyroid gland by inhibiting the sodium iodine symp...

Brainstem auditory potentials were recorded from CD-1 mice dosed orally with anatoxin for five days. This was done to examine potential changes in hearing function after anatoxin treatment. This data set is part of a larger project researching anatoxoin.

Seizure liability remains a key risk for the development of drugs and following chemical exposure.  Advances in stem cell biology and in vitro detection methodologies such as microelectrode array (MEA) offer an opportunity for a new paradigm in screening.  Thus, a coord...

Cyanobacterial blooms, once rare in the St. Louis River estuary, are becoming more common. Bloom-associated toxins (cyanotoxins) may cause deleterious effects in humans, but effects are unknown for many other species. This is due in part to the limited number of species used in t...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Office of Research and Development (EPA-ORD) has a suite of publicly available, web-based tools for public health practitioner use to address pressing environmental health challenges. This Environmental Health Tools Café wil...

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms are widespread, dynamic, and consequential. Traditional field-based monitoring alone cannot provide the spatial and temporal coverage along, and this work examines how integrating satellite observations with in situ sampling and models enables ...

Simplified Indoor Air Chemistry Simulator (SIACS) is being developed by OAR/ORIA/IED/CSA with technical support by ORD. Understanding the chemistry occurring indoors and what factors influence indoor pollution is critical from a public health perspective, considering that people ...

Background and Purpose:  The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development (ORD) portfolio advances leading-edge research to both inform partner-expressed needs and anticipate future environmental concerns. ORD’s research planning process leads to a portfolio that is inc...

In July 2025, EPA reconstituted a leadership and operational structure for lead (Pb), affirming continued progress in reducing lead exposure across environmental media. EPA put forward approaches under Administrator Zeldin for actionable risk communication, cooperative federalism...

Background Evaluation of the combined effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and dietary factors provides critical information for cumulative health risk assessment. Herein, we investigated the effects of cadmium (Cd) exposure and high fructose (HFr) diet on metabolic and repr...

This is an invited presentation to students in the Duke University, Nicholas School of the Environment in the graduate class ENV581: Global Environmental Health: Principles and Case Studies. This presentation will provide students with an overview of the current wildfire landscap...

Extreme rainfall events have been increasing in frequency and intensity over the past few decades, exacerbating flooding throughout the eastern U.S. This trend is expected to amplify throughout the 21st century. Quantification of future changes in extreme events and associated fl...

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) Superfund program is responsible for the assessment, cleanup, and reuse of some of the most contaminated sites in the United States. The primary goal of Superfund work is to protect human health and the environment and the wo...

Air quality in the U.S. has improved greatly in the past half century, due to environmental policies such as the Clean Air Act (CAA) focused on controlling anthropogenic point and mobile sources. As the contributions of anthropogenic sources decrease and environmental stressors, ...