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This report estimates the natural background and ambient concentrations of primary producer abundance indicators in California wadeable streams, identifies thresholds of adverse effects of nutrient-stimulated primary producer abundance on benthic macroinvertebrate and algal commu...

Chemicals are critical to a robust American economy. Efficient, transparent, and scientifically sound approaches to chemical safety evaluations are essential. EPA’s Chemical Safety for Sustainability (CSS) National Research Program is committed to supporting partner and sta...

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) affect global water quality, limiting uses like recreation and consumption because of excessive algal biomass and toxin production. These blooms cause surface scums, taste and odor issues, hypoxia, and negative health and socioeconomic impacts. The US ...

Background: Despite decades of research and interventions, lead (Pb) exposure remains a global public health concern. In addition to well-documented impacts on cognition, there is growing evidence of Pb’s impacts on antisocial behaviors, including aggression, conduct or ant...

Peer review of alternative dissolved oxygen indicators and assessment approaches for the National Lakes Assessment.

An increase in the occurrence of large, high severity wildfires in the western Pacific Northwest (PNW), USA, has created an urgent need for science to better inform forest management and policy decisions to maintain source water quality in the region. The western PNW faces simila...

Launched in April 2023, the Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO), instrument provides for the first time hourly measurements of atmospheric pollutants over most of North America at high spatial resolution (∼2 × 4.75 km2). This evaluatio...

The adjoint of the U.S. EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model is extended for hemispheric scale applications and is used to estimate location-specific health impacts from primary PM2.5, and PM2.5 precursor emissions (NH3, NOX and SO2). We estimate the...

The Scout 2008 version 1.0 statistical software package has been updated from past DOS and Windows versions to provide classical and robust univariate and multivariate graphical and statistical methods that are not typically available in commercial or freeware statistical softwar...

The Technical Guidance for Assessing Environmental Justice in Regulatory Analysis (Guidance) addresses the issue of how to analytically consider environmental justice in regulatory analyses. It directs EPA analysts to assess whether environmental justice concerns exist prior to...

The Landfill Gas Emissions Model (LandGEM) is an interactive tool with a Microsoft Excel interface that can be used to estimate generation and emission rates for total landfill gas, methane, carbon dioxide, nonmethane organic compounds (NMOCs), and other hazardous air pollutants ...

The successful implementation of the US Clean Air Act has reduced nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions, with important improvements in air quality and acid deposition. However, predicting the impact of emission reductions on tropospheric chemistry remains challenging, as NOx infl...

The 2023 wildfires in Canada resulted in substantial emissions to air. In this work, we used predicted concentrations of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and ozone across the U.S. and Canada to estimate the potential impacts of 2023 Canadian wildf...

In October 2023, the IRIS Program released the draft IRIS Toxicological Review of Inorganic Arsenic for public comment and external peer review. The IRIS assessment of inorganic arsenic will undergo an independent external scientific peer review managed by EPA’s Science Advisory ...

Structure fires in the wildland–urban interface (WUI) are becoming more frequent and destructive, yet their emissions of air pollutants remain poorly quantified and are not included in national inventories. Here we present a conterminous-scale inventory of WUI-related struc...

This study reports on two full-scale pilot investigations conducted at wastewater treatment facilities in Cincinnati, Ohio (USA).It demonstrates two aspects: first, to assess the comparative disinfection performance of a dual disinfection treatment method employing peracetic acid...

Following an accidental or intentional outdoor release of an environmentally persistent biological agent, such as Bacillus anthracis (Ba), a sampling campaign involving the collection of bulk vegetation matrices (grass, ground litter, and leaves) to determine the scope of contami...

Tidal marshes offer numerous ecological and economic benefits but are threatened by human development, sea-level rise, and invasive species. Routine mapping of their species composition is crucial for coastal management, yet current efforts are spatially and temporally limited an...

An applied study estimating beach visitation in Southern California, United States, using mobile device–derived location data is presented. As an emerging tool for visitation analysis, this data source allows for monitoring with high geographic and temporal resolution. The ...

Public land management relies on accurate visitor counts in order to understand and mitigate environmental impacts and to quantify the value of ecosystem services provided by natural areas. We build and test predictive visitation models suitable for publicly-managed parks, open s...

This study describes results from the application of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model’s Integrated Source Apportionment Method (ISAM) tool on a northern hemispheric domain and a U.S.-focused regional modeling domain. These CMAQ ISAM simulations are designed...

Analyses of U.S. compliance benzene air databases from refinery fenceline sites were conducted using 2019 measurements. Annual averages of maximum minus minimum benzene values (Δc) and mean benzene were summarized and compared by Petroleum Administration for Defense Distric...

This user guide provides instruction on how to use BMDS but is not intended to address or replace EPA BMD guidance. However, every attempt has been made to make this software consistent with EPA guidance, including the Risk Assessment Forum's (RAF) Benchmark Dose Technical Guidan...

We quantify the impact of soybean oil-based biodiesel production on US cropland, using a method that accounts for the intermediate effect of soybean crushing facilities. Based on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency data for biodiesel production and proprietary data for soybean c...

For years, EPA’s Benchmark Dose Software has been available as a stand-alone Windows desktop application for the dose-response analysis of toxicological data for risk assessment.  In addition to the updated BMDS Excel release in 3.3; the EPA and NIEHS have expanded dos...