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We followed soil C fluxes in a subalpine grassland system exposed to experimentally increased atmospheric N deposition for 7 years. Earlier we found that, different from the plant productivity response, the bulk soil C stock increase was highest at the medium, not the high N inpu...

This report includes proceedings from the 2013 NIEHS/EPA Children's Centers Annual Meeting, held in Washington D.C. in October, 2013. Summaries of presentations, speaker biosketches, poster abstracts, and a meeting participant list are all included.

The report includes proceedings from the 2015 NIEHS/EPA Children's Centers Annual Meeting. The proceedings include presentation summaries, speaker biosketches, poster abstracts, and a list of meeting participants.

Traditionally hazard quotients (HQs) have been computed for ecological risk assessment, often without quantifying the underlying uncertainties and variability in the risk estimate. We demonstrate a Bayesian network approach to quantitatively assess variability and uncertainties i...

A high level presentation for their senior people, lasting perhaps 45 minutes, covering a history of the protocol program, outcome focused… the why’s and how’s, and how you measure success.

Changing precursor emission patterns in conjunction with stringent health protective air quality standards, necessitate accurate quantification of non-local contributions to ozone pollution at a location due to atmospheric transport, that by nature predominantly occurs aloft noct...

Wildfire smoke contains hazardous levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a pollutant shown to adversely effect respiratory and cardiovascular health. Estimating PM2.5 concentrations attributable to wildfires is key to understanding the extent to which wildfires contribute to ...

To support the goals articulated in the vision for exposure and risk assessment in the twenty-first century, we highlight the application of a thermodynamic chemical activity approach for the exposure and risk assessment of chemicals in the environment. The present article descri...

From the earliest days of public health, environmental protection has been fundamental to preventing disease and ensuring a healthy population. From John Snow and the Broad Street Pump to chlorinated drinking water in Jersey City, NJ, protecting the environment has been a core pu...

Vegetative leaf area is a critical input to models that simulate human and ecosystem exposure to atmospheric pollutants. Leaf area index (LAI) can be measured in the field or numerically simulated, but all contain some inherent uncertainty that is passed to the exposure assessmen...

Stress tests are used clinically to uncover underlying disease and predict future cardiovascular risk. Previously, we used treadmill exercise stress in rats to reveal latent effects of air pollution inhalation. Other daily stressors, when modeled experimentally, may have similar ...

The use of nudging in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model to constrain regional climate downscaling simulations is gaining in popularity because it can reduce error and improve consistency with the driving data. While some attention has been paid to whether nudging i...

A cell culture exposure system (CCES) was developed to expose cells established at an air-liquid interface (ALI) to volatile chemicals. We characterized the CCES by exposing indigo dye-impregnated filter inserts inside culture wells to 125 ppb ozone (O3) for 1 h at flow rates of ...

Background Air pollution risk assessments often employ effect coefficients from epidemiologic studies to quantify the public health impact of changes in air quality. Partly due to data and methodological limitations, epidemiologic studies have traditionally characterized the heal...

The information in this document is from a collaborative effort between the U.S. EPA, Region 6 Superfund Division and the Office of Research and Development, National Risk Management Research Laboratory. Research was conducted at the US EPA Region 6 Addison Texas Facility. The fi...

The Model for Prediction Across Scales – Atmosphere (MPAS-A) is the meteorological foundation for a next generation global air quality modeling system currently being developed at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). In recent years, meteorological fields for r...

Despite its importance to transportation safety and ecosystem health related to pollutant and nutrient deposition, the simulation of fog lags the simulation of other meteorological phenomena due in large part to its complexity and limitations of model resolution. Accordingly, th...

As emissions reductions are desired in end-use sectors –commercial/residential technologies and light- and heavy-duty vehicles – the corresponding changes in fuel use and technologies can lead to shifts in the upstream production processes. These “upstream” emissions can be assoc...

The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) framework represents an ideal tool for integrating diverse data relating chemical exposures to adverse outcomes. Glucocorticoid signaling is tightly controlled and numerous adverse health outcomes have been associated with either elevation or sup...

Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms are the most common form of harmful algal blooms in freshwater systems throughout the world. However, in situ sampling of cyanobacteria in inland lakes is limited both spatially and temporally. Satellite data has proven to be an effective tool ...

This is the presentation for the invited lecture at Rutgers University. The lecture will be part of online course titled "Sustainability Decision Tools" in Spring 2018.

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a tool that aids in sustainable decision-making among product and process alternatives. When implementing LCA, the efficient and accurate modeling of chemical processes for life cycle inventory (LCI) generation is still challenging. Challenges inclu...

Researchers who perform air quality modeling studies usually do so on a regional scale. Typically, the boundary conditions are generated by another model which might have a different chemical mechanism, spatial resolution, and/or map projection. Hence, a necessary conversion/inte...

As environmental quality is degraded and the climate changes, primary emissions and the secondary formation of atmospheric aerosols affect the Earth’s radiation balance, biogeochemical cycles, and human health. This book describes recent efforts to understand and model the...

Reduced inorganic nitrogen (NH3 + NH4+) is an increasingly important contributor to the total nitrogen deposition budget, yet the bi-directional nature of NH3 air-surface exchange makes incorporation of NH3 measurements into dry deposition schemes in field-scale and regional chem...