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The US EPA has developed a set of annual North American anthropogenic and fire emissions data for criteria air pollutants across 18 broad source catagories for 2002 through 2017.  The sixteen new annual emissions inventories were developed using consistent input data and met...

Brain health is a major individual and community issue with impacts on quality of life for the individual and economic wellbeing of the nation. The need to assess and protect the nervous system demands enhancement of biomarker development and the application of precision medicine...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used, and their fluorinated state contributes to unique uses and stability but also long half-lives in the environment and humans. PFAS have been shown to be toxic, leading to immunosuppression, cancer, and other adverse healt...

Assaying for thyroid interference is of increasing importance in standardized developmental and reproductive toxicity studies. While serum T4 quantification is an endpoint assessed in developing rats, it is unclear how this measure may correlate to adverse neurodevelopmental outc...

To identify U.S. lead exposure risk hotspots, we expanded upon geospatial statistical methods from a published Michigan case study. Evaluation of identified hotspots using six lead indices, based on housing age and sociodemographic data, showed moderate-to-substantial agreement w...

Background and Purpose Biosolids are treated sewage sludge produced as a byproduct of the wastewater treatment process, often applied to land or disposed of in landfills. Under the Clean Water Act, the US EPA Office of Water (OW) has the responsibility to protect human health and...

Background: The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) requires the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to evaluate the hazard and exposure to new and existing chemicals. New chemical notifications are typically data poor and EPA?s Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPP...

Background: Observational epidemiologic studies provide critical data for the evaluation of the potential effects of environmental, occupational and behavioural exposures on human health. Systematic reviews of these studies play a key role in informing policy and practice. System...

An ‘organon’ is a thought instrument or system of logic that unifies a body of scientific principles. The Adaptation Organon (AO) is an interactive, web-based instrument for considering climate change and other environmental information to inform adaption and improve ...

Background and Purpose: Adrenergic receptors (AR) are the most extensive therapeutically manipulated drug receptors in the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The airways are densely innervated by AR, which are cellular rec...

Several related research efforts are in-progress in the US EPA to inform a large(r) hazard and dose-response landscape for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS); such data may be critical to informing data-poor mixture PFAS. The expressed objective is to identify dose-respon...

This is a presentation abstract for proposed session, ID 141, Advances in New Approach Methods for Thyroid Toxicity Testing, for the SOT 2024 Annual Meeting.  Abstract: There is significant regulatory need to evaluate chemicals that may disrupt the thyroid endocrine system. ...

Chemical safety assessment begins with defining the lowest level of chemical that alters one or more measured endpoints. This critical effect level, along with factors to account for uncertainty, is used to derive limits for human exposure. In the absence of data regarding the sp...

In the United States, the Clean Air Act requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and to monitor six common air pollutants. For NAAQS compliance, air quality instruments must adhere to stringent sampling, siting...

Lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) contamination of soils is widespread in the United States and is an important source of exposure in young children. Early life exposure to metal(loid) contaminants has serious and long-lasting effects on health, making mitigation a critical public healt...

In the US there are over 20,000 abandoned hardrock mines that may present risks to human health or the environment from long-term exposure to harmful substances. One site is the Formosa mine Superfund site located in Oregon, US. The site lacks plant cover due to phytotoxic tailin...

Communities across the United States and particularly in the Midwest continue to grapple with the complications associated with aging infrastructure. This includes the presence of lead (Pb)-bearing plumbing components such as lead service lines (LSLs), downstream galvanized iron ...

A PowerPoint presentation created by the National Program Manager for Regional Laboratories to present to the Association of Public Health Laboratories.

Anatoxin-a (ATX) is a cyanobacterial neurotoxin produced in freshwater lakes, streams, and reservoirs both in planktonic and benthic blooms. It is a potent and irreversible nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist that causes central and peripheral effects while it is the...

Water quality standards are important for protecting and restoring the condition of lakes, rivers, estuaries, and other water bodies in the United States. Given that nutrient pollution continues to be a widespread problem in aquatic systems, the development of numeric nutrient cr...

Presentation to Duke University, Toxicology & Environmental Health Seminar

In drinking water distribution systems, including premise plumbing, dissolved oxygen (DO) and free chlorine (FC) are common oxidants and ductile iron (DI) and copper (Cu) are commonly used pipe materials. Microelectrodes are a tool that have been applied in previous corrosion res...

The Adaptation Organon (AO) for Resilient Natural Resources is a web-based interactive framework and information resource for integrating climate change and other environmental information into project and program planning. It is being used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Ag...

The global nitrogen science-policy community lacks a holistic framework for assessing nitrogen (N) impacts on food production, ecosystems, health, and climate. This results in reduced effectiveness and societal welfare benefits in addressing N challenges and creates the potential...

Bioaccessibility and relative bioavailability of As, Cd, Pb and Sb was investigated in 30 legacy gold mining wastes (calcine sands, grey battery sands, tailings) from Victorian goldfields (Australia). Pseudo-total As concentration in 29 samples was 1.45–148-fold higher than the r...