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Solazzo, E., R. Bianconi, G. Pirovano, M. Moran, R. Vautard, C. Hogrefe, W. Appel, V. Matthias, P. Grossi, B. Bessagnet, J. Brandt, C. Chemel, J. Christensen, R. Forkel, X. Francis, A. Hansen, S. McKeen, U. Nopmongcol, M. Prank, K. Sartelet, A. Segers, J. Silver, G. Yarwood, J. Werhahn, J. Zhang, S. Rao, AND S. Galmarini. Evaluating the capability of regional-scale air quality models to capture the vertical distribution of pollutants. Geoscientific Model Development . Copernicus Publications, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, 6(3):791-818, (2013).

Sickles, J., D. Shadwick, Vasu Kilaru, AND W. Appel. “Transference Ratios” to Predict Total Oxidized Sulfur and Nitrogen Deposition – Part II, Modeling Results. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 77:1070-1082, (2013).

Galmarini, S., R. Bianconi, W. APPEL, E. Solazzo, S. Mosca, P. Grossi, M. Moran, K. L. SCHERE, AND S. T. RAO. ENSEMBLE and AMET: Two Systems and Approaches to a Harmonized, Simplified and Efficient Facility for Air Quality Models Development and Evaluation. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 53(June ):51-59, (2012).

APPEL, W., C. Chemel, S. J. ROSELLE, X. V. Francis, H. Rong-Ming, R. S. Sokhi, S. T. RAO, AND S. Galmarini. Examination of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Model Performance over the North American and European Domains. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 53(June):142-155, (2012).

HUTZELL, W. T., D. J. LUECKEN, W. APPEL, AND W. P. Carter. Interpreting Predictions from the SAPRC07 Mechanism Based on Regional and Continental Simulations. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 46(00):417-429, (2011).

Solazzo, E., R. Bianconi, R. Vautard, W. APPEL, M. D. Moran, C. HOGREFE, B. Bessagnet, J. Brandt, J. H. Christensen, C. Chemel, I. Coll, H. D. van der Gon, J. Ferreira, R. Forkel, X. V. Francis, G. Grell, P. Grossi, A. Hansen, A. Jericevic, L. Kraljevic, A. I. Miranda, U. Nopmongcol, G. Pirovano, M. Prank, A. Riccio, K. N. Sarteket, M. Schaap, J. D. Silver, R. S. Sokhi, J. Vira, J. Werhahn, R. Wolke, G. Yarwood, J. Zhang, S. T. RAO, AND S. Galmarini. Model Evaluation and Ensemble Modelling of Surface-Level Ozone in Europe and North America in the Context of AQMEII. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 53(June 2012):60-74, (2012).

Solazzo, E., R. Bianconi, G. Pirovano, V. Matthias, R. Vautard, W. APPEL, B. Bessagner, J. Brandt, J. H. Christensen, C. Chemel, I. Coll, J. Ferreira, R. Forkel, X. V. Francis, G. Grell, P. Grossi, A. Hansen, A. Miranda, M. D. Moran, U. Nopmongeol, M. Parnk, K. N. Sartelet, M. Schaap, J. D. Silver, R. S. Sokhi, J. Vira, J. Werhahn, R. Wolke, G. Yarwood, J. Zhang, S. T. RAO, AND S. Galmarini. Operational Model Evaluation for Particulate Matter in Europe and North America in the Context of the AQMEII Project. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 53(June):75-92, (2012).

APPEL, W., K. FOLEY, J. O. BASH, R. W. PINDER, R. L. DENNIS, D. J. Allen, AND K. Pickering. A Multi-Resolution Assessment of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Model v4.7 Wet Deposition Estimates for 2002 - 2006. Geoscientific Model Development . Copernicus Publications, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, 4(2):357-371, (2011).

SARWAR, G., W. APPEL, R. MATHUR, AND K. L. SCHERE. Examining the Impact of an Updated Toluene Mechanism on Air Quality in the Eastern US. Chapter 38, Douw G. Steyn & Silvia Trini Castelli (ed.), Air Pollution Modeling and its Application, XXI . Springer, New York, NY, Series C:227-231, (2011).

EDER, B. K., W. APPEL, AND T. E. PIERCE. On the Use of Principal Component and Spectral Density Analysis to Evaluate the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Model. XXI, Chapter 5, NATO/ITM Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application. Springer Netherlands, , Netherlands, Series C:439-445, (2011).

APPEL, W., S. J. ROSELLE, G. POULIOT, B. K. EDER, T. E. PIERCE, R. MATHUR, K. L. SCHERE, S. T. RAO, AND S. Galmarini. Performance Summary of the 2006 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Simulation for the AQMEII Project: North American Application. Chapter 84, Douw G. Steyjn & Silvia Trini Castelli (ed.), NATO/SPS/ International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modeling and its Application. Springer Netherlands, , Netherlands, Series C:505-511, (2011).

PINDER, R. W., W. APPEL, AND R. L. DENNIS. Trends in Atmospheric Reactive Nitrogen for the Eastern United States. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 159(10):3138-3141, (2011).

FOLEY, K., S. J. ROSELLE, W. APPEL, P. BHAVE, J. E. PLEIM, T. L. OTTE, R. MATHUR, G. SARWAR, J. O. YOUNG, R. C. GILLIAM, C. G. NOLTE, J. T. Kelly, A. GILLILAND, AND J. O. BASH. Incremental Testing of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System Version 4.7. Geoscientific Model Development . Copernicus Publications, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, 3(1):205-226, (2010).

APPEL, W., S. J. ROSELLE, R. C. GILLIAM, J. E. PLEIM, AND R. C. GILLIAM. Sensitivity of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Model v4.7 Results for the Eastern United States to MM5 and WRF Meteorological Drivers. Geoscientific Model Development . Copernicus Publications, Katlenburg-Lindau, Germany, 3(1):169-188, (2009).

PINDER, R. W., R. C. GILLIAM, W. APPEL, S. L. Napelenok, K. FOLEY, AND A. GILLILAND. Efficient Probabilistic Estimates of Surface Ozone Concentration Using an Ensemble of Model Configurations and Direct Sensitivity Calculations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 43(7):2388-2393, (2009).

IRWIN, J., K. Civerolo, C. Hogrefe, W. APPEL, K. FOLEY, AND J. SWALL. A Procedure for Inter-Comparing the Skill of Regional-Scale Air Quality Model Simulations of Daily Maximum 8-Hour Ozone Concentrations. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 42(21):5403-5412, (2008).

APPEL, W., P. BHAVE, A. GILLILAND, G. SARWAR, AND S. J. ROSELLE. EVALUATION OF THE COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODEL VERSION 4.5: UNCERTAINTIES AND SENSITIVITIES IMPACTING MODEL PERFORMANCE: PART II - PARTICULATE MATTER. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 42(24):6057-6066, (2008).

APPEL, W., A. GILLILAND, G. SARWAR, AND R. C. GILLIAM. EVALUATION OF THE COMMUNITY MULTISCALE AIR QUALITY (CMAQ) MODEL VERSION 4.5: UNCERTAINTIES AND SENSITIVITIES IMPACTING MODEL PERFORMANCE: PART I - OZONE. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 41(40):9603-9613, (2007).

PINDER, R. W., R. C. GILLIAM, W. APPEL, AND A. GILLILAND. CMAQ MODEL EVALUATION USING AN ENSEMBLE OF MM5 METEOROLOGICAL SIMULATIONS. Presented at 5th Annual CMAS User's Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, October 16 - 18, 2006.

APPEL, W. AND A. GILLILAND. EFFECTS OF VERTICAL-LAYER STRUCTURE AND BOUNDARY CONDITIONS ON CMAQ-V4.5 AND V4.6 MODELS. Presented at 5th Annual CMAS User's Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, October 16 - 18, 2006.

BHAVE, P., G. SARWAR, W. APPEL, AND R. L. DENNIS. REVISED TREATMENT OF N₂ O₅ HYDROLYSIS IN CMAQ. Presented at 5th Annual CMAS Models-3 User's Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, October 16 - 18, 2006.

GILLILAND, A., W. APPEL, R. L. DENNIS, AND R. W. PINDER. SEASONAL NH ₃ EMISSIONS FOR THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES: INVERSE MODEL ESTIMATION AND EVALUATION. ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT. Elsevier Science Ltd, New York, NY, 40(26):4986-4998, (2006).

PLEIM, J. E., S. J. ROSELLE, P. BHAVE, R. BULLOCK, W. T. HUTZELL, D. J. LUECKEN, C. G. NOLTE, K. L. SCHERE, J. O. YOUNG, J. M. GODOWITCH, AND W. APPEL. THE 2006 CMAQ RELEASE AND PLANS FOR 2007. Presented at 5rh Annual CMAS Models-3 User's Conference, Chapel Hill, NC, October 16 - 18, 2006.

GILLIAM, R. C. AND W. APPEL. THE ATMOSPHERIC MODEL EVALUATION TOOL. Presented at EPA Science Forum 2006, Washington, DC, May 16 - 18, 2006.

APPEL, W., A. GILLILAND, AND B. K. EDER. AN ANNUAL EVALUATION OF THE 2005 RELEASE OF MODELS-3 CMAQ. Presented at NOAA/EPA Golden Jubilee Symposium, Durham, NC, September 20 - 21, 2005.