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Records 51 to 75 of 3170 Journals from [ORD] published between 10/15/2013 and 10/15/2018

2018
Alternating Gaussian process modulated renewal processes for modeling threshold exceedances and durations
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 01, 2018]
It is often of interest to model the incidence and duration of threshold exceedance events for an environmental variable over a set of monitoring locations. Such data arrive over continuous time and can be considered as observations of a two-state process yielding, sequentially, ...
Ambient Air Quality and Cardiovascular Health: Translation of Environmental Research for Public Health and Clinical Care
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 01, 2018]
Air pollution is intuitively associated with respiratory effects, but evidence has emerged over the past few decades that air pollution-related cardiovascular effects can be much more adverse and even lead to premature mortality. In 1997, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ...
An AOP-based alternative testing strategy to predict the impact of thyroid hormone disruption on swim bladder inflation in zebrafish
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 02, 2018]
Within the field of chemical safety assessment, there is a desire to replace costly whole organism testing with more efficient and cost-effective alternatives based on in vitro test systems. Disruption of thyroid hormone signaling via inhibition of enzymes called deiodinases is o...
An R Package for Open, Reproducible Analysis of Urban Water Systems, With Application to Chicago
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 01, 2018]
Urban water systems consist of natural and engineered flows of water interacting in complex ways. System complexity can be understood via mass conservative models that account for the interrelationships among all major flows and storages. We have developed a generic urban water s...
An analysis of cumulative risks based on biomonitoring data for six phthalates using the Maximum Cumulative Ratio
(JOURNAL) [Published : Mar 01, 2018]
The Maximum Cumulative Ratio (MCR) quantifies the degree to which a single chemical drives the cumulative risk of an individual exposed to multiple chemicals. Phthalates are a class of chemicals with ubiquitous exposures in the general population that have the potential to cause ...
An evaluation of factors controlling the abundance of epiphytes on Zostera marina along an estuarine gradient in Yaquina Bay, Oregon, USA.
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2018]
Epiphytes on seagrass (Zostera marina) growing in the lower intertidal were examined along an estuarine gradient within Yaquina Bay, Oregon over a period of 4 years. The Yaquina Estuary receives high levels of nutrients from the watershed during the wet season and from the ocean...
An evaluation of selected (Q)SARs/expert systems for predicting skin sensitisation potential
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2018]
Predictive testing to characterise substances for their skin sensitisation potential has historically been based on animal models such as the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA) and the Guinea Pig Maximisation Test (GPMT). In recent years, EU regulations, have provided a strong incenti...
An inhalation-ingestion bioaccessibility assay (IIBA) for the assessment of exposure to metal(loid)s in PM10
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2018]
Although metal(loid) bioaccessibility of ambient particulate matter, with an aerodynamic diameter of <10 μm (PM10), has recently received increasing attention, limited research exists into standardising in-vitro methodologies using simulated lung fluid (SLF). Contradictions exist...
An object-oriented Bayesian network approach for establishing swine manure-borne natural estrogenic compounds budget
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 15, 2018]
A facility-wide estrogen budget model was developed to assess the excretion of natural estrogens by swine in a commercial swine farrowing concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) in North Carolina, using an object oriented Bayesian network (OOBN) approach. The OOBN model is ...
An overview of biorefinery-derived platform chemicals from a cellulose and hemicellulose biorefinery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Sep 01, 2018]
Until recently, most of energy and industrially produced chemicals were derived from fossil fuel-based resources. This along with the continued depletion of finite fossil resources and their attributed adverse environmental impacts, alternatively sourced and more sustainable reso...
Analyzing mixing systems using a new generation of Bayesian tracer mixing models
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 21, 2018]
The ongoing evolution of mixing models has resulted in a confusing array of software tools that differ in terms of data inputs, model assumptions, and associated analytic products. Here we introduce MixSIAR, an inclusive, rich, and flexible open-source Bayesian stable isotope mix...
Applicability of integrated cell culture reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (ICC-RTqPCR) for the simultaneous detection of the four human enteric enterovirus species in disinfection studies
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 02, 2018]
A newly developed integrated cell culture reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (ICC-RTqPCR) method and its applicability in UV disinfection studies is described. This method utilizes a singular cell culture system coupled with four RTqPCR assays to detect infectious serotypes t...
Application of Climate Assessment Tool (CAT) to Estimate Climate Variability Impacts on Nutrient Loading from Local Watersheds
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2018]
A vast amount of future climate scenario datasets, created by climate models such as general circulation models (GCMs), have been used in conjunction with watershed models to project future climate variability impact on hydrological processes and water quality. However, these low...
Application of a salivary immunoassay in a prospective community study of waterborne infections
(JOURNAL) [Published : Oct 01, 2018]
Quantifying sporadic waterborne infections in community settings can be challenging. Salivary antibody immunoassays are a promising non-invasive tool that can be used in prospective studies of common infections, especially those involving children. This study was conducted in a...
Application of passive sorbent tube and canister samplers for volatile organic compounds at refinery fenceline locations in Whiting, Indiana
(JOURNAL) [Published : Feb 01, 2018]
Select volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ambient air were measured at four fenceline sites at a petroleum refinery in Whiting, Indiana, USA using modified EPA Method 325 A/B with passive tubes and EPA Compendium Method TO-15 with canister samplers. One-week, time-integrated s...
Application of the Human Well-Being Index to Sensitive Population Divisions: A Children's Well-Being Index Development
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2018]
The assessment of community well-being is critical as an end-point measure that will facilitate decision support and assist in the identification of sustainable solutions to address persistent problems. While the overall measure is important, it is equally vital to distinguish va...
Applications of low-cost sensing technologies for air quality monitoring and exposure assessment: How far have they gone?
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2018]
Over the past decade, a range of sensor technologies became available on the market, enabling a revolutionary shift in air pollution monitoring and assessment. With their cost of up to three orders of magnitude lower than standard/reference instruments, many avenues for applicati...
Applying fingerprint Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics to assess soil ecosystem disturbance and recovery
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2018]
The assessment and monitoring of soil disturbance and its effect on soil quality (i.e., ability to support a range of ecosystem services) has been hindered due to the shortcomings of many traditional analytical techniques, including high cost, long-term time investment and diffic...
Applying the principles of isotope analysis in plant and animal ecology to forensic science in the Americas
(JOURNAL) [Published : Aug 01, 2018]
The heart of forensic science is application of the scientific method and analytical approaches to answer questions central to solving a crime: Who, What, When, Where, and How. Forensic practitioners use fundamentals of chemistry and physics to examine evidence and infer its orig...
Aquatic plants: Test species sensitivity and minimum data requirement evaluations for chemical risk assessments and aquatic life criteria development for the USA
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2018]
Phytotoxicity results from the publicly-available ECOTOX database were summarized for 20 chemicals and 188 aquatic plants to determine species sensitivities and the ability of a species-limited toxicity data set to serve as a surrogate for a larger data set. The lowest effect con...
Arsenic Speciation of Contaminated Soils/Solid Wastes and Relative Oral Bioavailability in Swine and Mice
(JOURNAL) [Published : May 01, 2018]
Arsenic (As) is one of the most widespread, toxic elements in the environment, and human activities have resulted in a large number of contaminated areas. However abundant, the potential of As toxicity from exposure to contaminated soils is limited to the fraction that will disso...
Arsenic/Iron Removal from Groundwater with Elevated Ammonia and Natural Organic Matter
(JOURNAL) [Published : Mar 09, 2018]
Under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Arsenic Demonstration Program, an iron removal (IR) process consisting of permanganate oxidation followed by GreensandPlus™ filtration was shown to be effective in removing soluble As(III) (24.1 μg/L on average) from Waynesville, IL ...
Assessing Land Use, Sedimentation and Water Quality Stressors as Predictors of Coral Reef Condition in St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
(JOURNAL) [Published : Apr 01, 2018]
Coral reef condition on the south shore of St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, was assessed at various distances from Charlotte Amalie, the most densely populated city on the island. Human influence in the area includes industrial activity, wastewater discharge, cruise ship docks, a...
Assessing background levels of specific conductivity using weight of evidence
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jul 01, 2018]
Abstract Background levels of a regional attribute, such as aquatic specific conductivity (SC), may be assessed using the basic assessment approach of planning, analysis, and synthesis. We demonstrate the approach by assessing whether the background SC is sufficiently similar ...
Assessing natural infection with Zika virus in the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus, during 2016 in Puerto Rico
(JOURNAL) [Published : Jun 01, 2018]
The epidemic of Zika in the Western hemisphere has led to intense investigations of all species important in the transmission of Zika virus (ZikV), including putative mosquito vectors. Although evidence points to Stegomyia (= Aedes) (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes as the primary ...