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The potential emerging pollutants (PEPs) including hazardous chemicals, toxic metals, bio-wastes, etc., pose a severe threat to the human health, hygiene and ecology by way of polluting the environment and water sources. These pollutants may have been originated from the industri...

This Science in Action provides an overview of preliminary studies to determine background metals concentrations in soils of Puerto Rico. A literature and database search was conducted to identify existing data. EPA records were reviewed for all Superfund and RCRA Corrective Acti...

Introduction: Exposure to PM2.5 air pollution and neighborhood-level sociodemographic characteristics are associated with cardiovascular disease and possibly diabetes. However, the joint effect of sociodemographics and PM2.5 on these outcomes is uncertain. Methods: We examined wh...

The state of Iowa has set an ambitious goal to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus loading by 45% and maintain agricultural production while providing critical ecosystem services across these landscapes. As our understanding of the close relationship between agricultural practices and...

Human activities are responsible for the environmental input of many classes of chemicals through industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources. Biomonitoring studies have clearly shown a wide distribution of PCBs, PBBs, and PBDEs in the biosphere, resulting in exposures to almo...

Although there is no direct connection between Extreme Weather Events and corrosion issues in drinking water distribution systems, there are situations that may arise that would result in corrosion events that could impact human health. One would be a large change in source wate...

While chemical analysis of contaminant mixtures remains an essential component of environmental monitoring, bioactivity-based assessments using in vitro systems increasingly play a role in the detection of possible biological effects. Historically, in vitro assessments focused on...

Background More intense and longer&#8208;lasting heat events are expected in the United States as a consequence of climate change. This study aimed to project the potential changes in maternal heat exposure during early pregnancy (3&ndash;8 weeks post conception) and the associat...

Exposure to wildland fire-related particulate matter (PM) causes adverse health outcomes. However, the impacts of specific biomass sources remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate cardiopulmonary responses in rats following exposure to PM extracts collected fr...

A framework is presented to address the toolbox of chemical release estimation methods available for manufacturing processes. Although scientists and engineers often strive for increased accuracy, the development of fit-for-purpose release estimates can speed results that could o...

Stakeholder participation is now widely viewed as an essential component of environmental management projects. Although scholarship has identified and conceptualized numerous elements and components of high-quality participation, we argue that the processes of recruiting stakehol...

Regenerative stormwater conveyance (RSC), a relatively new stormwater management approach, is extensively implemented throughout the mid-Atlantic for nutrient control, but little is known of its pollutant reduction capabilities and controlling factors. This study examined effects...

Using a Climate Resilience Screening Index (CRSI) that was developed to represent resilience to acute weather events at multiple scales for the United States, regions of the United States are compared for resilience. The comparison examined the domains and indicators of CRSI add...

Hydrologic linkages among coastal wetland and nearshore areas allow coastal fish to move among the habitats, which has led to a variety of habitat use patterns. We determined nutritional support of coastal fishes from 12 wetland-nearshore habitat pairs using stable isotope anal...

Organic solvents are widely used in a variety of industrial sectors. Reclaiming and reusing the solvents may be the most economically and environmentally beneficial option for managing spent solvents. Purifying the solvents to meet reuse specifications can be challenging. For hyd...

Watersheds provide a range of services valued by society, incorporating biotic and abiotic functions within their boundaries. Watershed integrity has been defined as the capacity of a watershed to support and maintain the full range of ecological processes and functions essential...

This report describes the state of the science with respect to total Nr deposition budgets in the United States and the research needed to improve these budgets from both a measurement and modeling perspective. The document is intended to serve as a roadmap for research activiti...

We constructed a seasonal nitrogen (N) budget for the year 2008 in the Calapooia River Watershed (CRW), an agriculturally dominated tributary of the Willamette River (Oregon, U.S.) under Mediterranean climate. Synthetic fertilizer application to agricultural land (dominated by gr...

United States regulatory and research agencies may rely upon skin sensitization test data to assess the sensitization hazards associated with dermal exposure to chemicals and products. These data are evaluated to ensure that such substances will not cause unreasonable adverse eff...

This work was conducted to explore heavy metal pollution in soils in an area near lead smelters in Jiyuan City, which is one of the main lead production areas in China. Altogether, 88 topsoil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from farmlands near the Yuguang lead smelting facilitie...

Objectives. Freely dissolved concentrations (Cfree) have proven useful for estimating exposure concentrations of nonionic organic contaminants in the water column and sediment interstitial waters. It is critical that Cfree be determined under actual or modelled equilibrium cond...

When it comes to wildlife, populations are often the level at which protection goals are established, as opposed to individuals. However, direct observations of population-level responses to chemical stressors are scarce (thankfully). Therefore, mathematical models are used to ...

Carbon-based adsorbents such as graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, activated carbon, and biochar are often used to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. One of the important aspects of effective carbon adsorbents for heavy metals is their tunable surface functi...

Several national diatom datasets from EPA and USGS will be synthesized to develop multi-metric indices of biological condition along urban and agricultural gradients. Diatom traits tables will be used to develop the multi-metric indices, including traits such as saprobity, pollut...

Biotransformation rates extrapolated from in vitro data are used increasingly in human physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. This practice requires use of scaling factors, including microsomal content (mg of microsomal protein/g liver, MPPGL), enzyme specific conte...