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This study investigated the presence and human hazards associated with pesticides and other anthropogenic chemicals identified in kale grown in urban and rural environments. Pesticides and related compounds (i.e., surfactants and metabolites) in kale samples were evaluated using ...

Background and Purpose: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in non-stick coatings, firefighting foams and other products. Their fluorinated state contributes to their unique uses and stability, but also may result in long half-lives in the environment and h...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used, and their fluorinated state contributes to unique uses and stability but also long half-lives in the environment and humans. PFAS have been shown to be toxic, leading to immunosuppression, cancer, and other adverse healt...

South Florida is a subtropical environment with diverse ecological and human communities that rely on a complex water system undergoing the costliest restoration in U.S. history. Pesticide and metal input to the aquatic systems of South Florida can impact the capabilities of main...

This is a presentation abstract for proposed session, ID 141, Advances in New Approach Methods for Thyroid Toxicity Testing, for the SOT 2024 Annual Meeting.  Abstract: There is significant regulatory need to evaluate chemicals that may disrupt the thyroid endocrine system. ...

Chemical safety assessment begins with defining the lowest level of chemical that alters one or more measured endpoints. This critical effect level, along with factors to account for uncertainty, is used to derive limits for human exposure. In the absence of data regarding the sp...

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Presentation to Duke University, Toxicology & Environmental Health Seminar

Background: Enterococci are ubiquitous in wastewater, which can contaminate surface waters, including recreational water, via many pathways, providing a route of exposure for humans Antibiotic resistant Enterococcus spp. are among the leading causes of nosocomial infections world...

Increasing water shortages and aging infrastructure have broadened interest in using alternative source waters for a range of end uses. Developing fit-for-purpose treatment approaches requires consideration of both the proximal risks of reuse-related exposures and the more distal...

The Bayesian network (BN) session at the SETAC North America 44th Annual Meeting was conducted for the sixth consecutive year. Since its inception in 2018 during the SETAC North America annual meeting in Sacramento, the BN session has grown into a multi-faceted platform for the p...

Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are a framework for organizing scientific information concerning the linkage between biological perturbations measured at low levels of biological organization (e.g., molecular, biochemical, cellular) and adverse effects of concern for risk assessm...

SOT 2024 Abstract Background and Purpose: The use of in vitro systems to model the effects of inhalation exposures has focused on using differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures as they recapitulate key features of the airway epithelium in vivo.&nbs...

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Causal structural models are used to capture knowledge of a problem domain through framing potential events as random variables and connections as causal arcs. Moreover, the properties of causal structural models foster additional insights on causal and inferential interactions a...

Invited presentation to 2024 Winter ToxForum meeting.   EPA’s Office of Research and Development (ORD) is advancing their portfolio of human health toxicity assessment products to draw on the range of available toxicity data to inform the myriad public health deci...

The advancement of protein structural prediction tools, exemplified by AlphaFold and Iterative Threading ASSEmbly Refinement, has enabled the prediction of protein structures across species based on available protein sequence and structural data. In this study, we introduce an in...

Background and Purpose The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (U.S. EPA) Toxicity Values Database (ToxValDB) is a compendium of toxicology information including human health reference values, cancer slope factors, ecological screening or effect levels, and quantitative ...

Presentation to Gaining Confidence in NGRA Approaches Together: A DyNAMic DiscussionNURATM Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine / Institute for In Vitro Sciences Hosted Webinar

An overview of EPA ORD research on water reuse will be presented to the general public at of local event called Science on Tap. 

Background and Purpose: The task of transforming reporting information used for the risk assessment of chemicals into a standard format presents a significant challenge. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Harmonised Templates (OHTs) are standar...

Ecotoxicological testing to assess the effects of plant protection products on non-target terrestrial plants (NTTPs) under greenhouse conditions is conducted according to standard guidelines (e.g. OECD?208 and OECD?227). EFSA’s Scientific Opinion of 2014 on the risk assessm...

Propranolol is a heavily prescribed, nonspecific beta-adrenoceptor (bAR) antagonist frequently found in wastewater effluents, prompting concern over its potential to adversely affect exposed organisms. In the present study, the transcriptional responses of 4, 5, and 6 days postfe...

Infant cereals, one of the first solid foods introduced to infants, have been reported to pose risks to human health because they contain toxic elements and an excess of essential elements. Rice cereal is particularly concerning because it is immensely popular and usually contain...

Background and Purpose: To establish toxicity reference values, risk assessments require reliable methods with well-characterized uncertainty. Next generation risk assessment will require in vitro to in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) to translate observed cellular responses to whole ...