Science Inventory

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This study investigated the presence and human hazards associated with pesticides and other anthropogenic chemicals identified in kale grown in urban and rural environments. Pesticides and related compounds (i.e., surfactants and metabolites) in kale samples were evaluated using ...

Background and Purpose: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in non-stick coatings, firefighting foams and other products. Their fluorinated state contributes to their unique uses and stability, but also may result in long half-lives in the environment and h...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used, and their fluorinated state contributes to unique uses and stability but also long half-lives in the environment and humans. PFAS have been shown to be toxic, leading to immunosuppression, cancer, and other adverse healt...

Background/Purpose The US EPA has developed a tiered testing strategy, including high-throughput transcriptomics (HTTr) testing, to identify molecular targets of thousands of environmental chemicals. These findings can be linked to adverse outcomes and can be used in Integrated A...

To identify U.S. lead exposure risk hotspots, we expanded upon geospatial statistical methods from a published Michigan case study. Evaluation of identified hotspots using six lead indices, based on housing age and sociodemographic data, showed moderate-to-substantial agreement w...

Background: The Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) requires the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to evaluate the hazard and exposure to new and existing chemicals. New chemical notifications are typically data poor and EPA?s Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPP...

Animal toxicity testing is time and resource intensive, making it difficult to keep pace with the number of substances requiring assessment. Machine learning (ML) models that use chemical structure information and high-throughput experimental data can be helpful in predicting pot...

South Florida is a subtropical environment with diverse ecological and human communities that rely on a complex water system undergoing the costliest restoration in U.S. history. Pesticide and metal input to the aquatic systems of South Florida can impact the capabilities of main...

Read-across is a well-established data-gap filling technique used within analogue or category approaches. Acceptance remains an issue, mainly due to the difficulties of addressing residual uncertainties associated with a read-across prediction and because assessments are expert-d...

Background and Purpose: Adrenergic receptors (AR) are the most extensive therapeutically manipulated drug receptors in the treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The airways are densely innervated by AR, which are cellular rec...

The EPA Office of Research and Development’s Next Generation Emission Measurement (NGEM) program focuses on researching the deployment of lower-cost air sensors near known emissions sources. The air quality measurements collected with these sensors can be used to indicate t...

An in situ oil burn plume was characterized to provide a unique aerial data set for development and calibration of near-source dispersion models. Seven in situ burns (ISBs) were conducted on a subset of a 1 ha artificial pond. The Alaska North Slope crude oil burn plume was sampl...

This is a presentation abstract for proposed session, ID 141, Advances in New Approach Methods for Thyroid Toxicity Testing, for the SOT 2024 Annual Meeting.  Abstract: There is significant regulatory need to evaluate chemicals that may disrupt the thyroid endocrine system. ...

Chemical safety assessment begins with defining the lowest level of chemical that alters one or more measured endpoints. This critical effect level, along with factors to account for uncertainty, is used to derive limits for human exposure. In the absence of data regarding the sp...

In the United States, the Clean Air Act requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and to monitor six common air pollutants. For NAAQS compliance, air quality instruments must adhere to stringent sampling, siting...

Taxonomic data are the foundation of bioassessment and much basic and applied research. Difficulty in morphological species identification, evolving and varying taxon concepts, and nomenclatural changes can lead to significant inconsistencies in taxonomic datasets across analysts...

In the US there are over 20,000 abandoned hardrock mines that may present risks to human health or the environment from long-term exposure to harmful substances. One site is the Formosa mine Superfund site located in Oregon, US. The site lacks plant cover due to phytotoxic tailin...

In-situ burning (ISB) is the controlled burning of oil spilled from a vessel or pipeline. There were multiple ISB events after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on April 20, 2010, including 410 ISBs conducted by the Coast Guard [1]. Proponents of ISB suggest that it offers a rapid ...

The Regional Monitoring Networks (RMNs) are a collaborative, volunteer effort to collect comparable long-term monitoring data at targeted sites nationwide to detect changes over time. Six Northeast states have participated in the stream RMN since it was first piloted in the North...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are compounds found in many consumer and industrial products with ubiquitous spread in environmental matrices. While there is evidence that some PFAS, notably perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), cause d...

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Water quality standards are important for protecting and restoring the condition of lakes, rivers, estuaries, and other water bodies in the United States. Given that nutrient pollution continues to be a widespread problem in aquatic systems, the development of numeric nutrient cr...

Presentation to Duke University, Toxicology & Environmental Health Seminar

This presentation is to the Research Area Coordination Team (RACT) for the Safe and Sustainable Waters Research program. This work contributes to SSWR Subproduct 404.3.2 Applying forecasted data to better understand, quantify, and anticipate the social and environmental justice i...

Bioaccessibility and relative bioavailability of As, Cd, Pb and Sb was investigated in 30 legacy gold mining wastes (calcine sands, grey battery sands, tailings) from Victorian goldfields (Australia). Pseudo-total As concentration in 29 samples was 1.45–148-fold higher than the r...