Science Inventory

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Presentation to Duke University, Toxicology &amp; Environmental Health Seminar

This presentation is to the Research Area Coordination Team (RACT) for the Safe and Sustainable Waters Research program. This work contributes to SSWR Subproduct 404.3.2 Applying forecasted data to better understand, quantify, and anticipate the social and environmental justice i...

Bioaccessibility and relative bioavailability of As, Cd, Pb and Sb was investigated in 30 legacy gold mining wastes (calcine sands, grey battery sands, tailings) from Victorian goldfields (Australia). Pseudo-total As concentration in 29 samples was 1.45–148-fold higher than the r...

One in 33 babies born in North Carolina (NC) are diagnosed with any birth defect. Little has been done to examine the association between community-level risk factors and birth defects. The objective of this study was to estimate the association of census-tract level neighborhood...

Increasing water shortages and aging infrastructure have broadened interest in using alternative source waters for a range of end uses. Developing fit-for-purpose treatment approaches requires consideration of both the proximal risks of reuse-related exposures and the more distal...

The Bayesian network (BN) session at the SETAC North America 44th Annual Meeting was conducted for the sixth consecutive year. Since its inception in 2018 during the SETAC North America annual meeting in Sacramento, the BN session has grown into a multi-faceted platform for the p...

Read-across is a data-gap filling technique utilised to predict the toxicity of a target chemical using data from similar analogues. Read-across is predominantly performed as part of an expert-driven assessment which can impeded broad acceptance. Data-driven approaches such as Ge...

Background and Purpose: Health effects of inhaled smoke from military burn pits include increased incidences of cardiopulmonary diseases, sinonasal disease, and cancers of the nervous system. Burn pit smoke is a complex mixture of particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compoun...

Agricultural soils are increasingly undergoing inadvertent and purposeful exposures to engineered CeO2&nbsp;nanoparticles (NPs), which can impact crops and root-associated microbial communities. However, interactions between NP concentration and exposure duration on plant-mediate...

Adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) are a framework for organizing scientific information concerning the linkage between biological perturbations measured at low levels of biological organization (e.g., molecular, biochemical, cellular) and adverse effects of concern for risk assessm...

Extensive research in recent years has reported higher per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) concentrations in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill leachate than other municipal wastewaters, including multiple studies of leachate from MSW landfills in the United States. Becau...

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanoic sulfonic acid (PFOS) are two legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS). PFAS have been widely used in the past and commonly measured at various concentrations in many wastes and environmental media. Thermal treatment tech...

Background:&nbsp; Xenobiotic metabolites are widely present in human urine and can indicate recent exposure to environmental chemicals. Proper inference of which chemicals contribute to these metabolites can inform human exposure and risk. Furthermore, longitudinal biomonitoring...

Microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments accumulate a biofilm known as the plastisphere, a microbial community unique from that of the surrounding water and from biofilms that form on natural substrates. The plastisphere is known to accumulate pathogens and bacteria with antib...

In urban systems, a wide variety of processes, including increasing impervious surface cover, road salt application, sewage leaks, and weathering of the built environment, contribute to novel chemical cocktails that are comprised of metals, salts, nutrients, and organic matter. D...

In urban systems, a wide variety of processes, including increasing impervious surface cover, road salt application, sewage leaks, and weathering of the built environment, contribute to novel chemical cocktails that are made up of metals, salts, nutrients, and organic matter. Due...

This invited keynote presentation provides compressive definitions regarding sustainable development, sustainability assessment and design, life cycle analysis, and their application in manufacturing more environmentally friendly chemicals with less occupational exposure. Similar...

Background and Purpose: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution poses significant health risks within and beyond the respiratory system, but the physicochemical characteristics of anthropogenic PM that contribute to toxicity are not well understood. The purpose of this study was to...

Analytical methods, specifically those focused on the identification of chemicals by liquid and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS and GC/MS), are key approaches supporting targeted and non-targeted environmental analysis. Different chemicals and chemical classes are ame...

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Mass spectrometry analyses at the US-EPA, especially non-targeted analysis studies, are highly dependent on the cheminformatics efforts which have been underway within the agency for almost a decade. These research efforts have resulted in a rich data infrastructure based on the ...

Federal agencies are increasing efforts to provide support to local communities for climate adaptation and hazard resilience. This involves engaging communities using approaches to understand and address problems holistically, particularly where equity and environmental justice a...

SOT 2024 Abstract Background and Purpose: The use of in vitro systems to model the effects of inhalation exposures has focused on using differentiated primary human bronchial epithelial cell (dpHBEC) cultures as they recapitulate key features of the airway epithelium in vivo.&nbs...

Seagrass beds&nbsp;play a critical role in biodiversity maintenance, serving as nursery habitats for fisheries, and aiding in carbon and sediment sequestration in the ecosystem. These habitats receive dissolved and particulate material inputs, like nutrients and heavy metals, aff...

Many factors, including microbiome structure and activity in the drinking water distribution system (DWDS), affect the colonization potential of opportunistic pathogens. The present study aims to describe the dynamics of active bacterial communities in DWDS and identify the facto...