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Eutrophication&nbsp;and excessive algal growth pose a threat on aquatic organisms and the health of the public, environment, and the economy. Understanding what drives excessive algal growth can inform&nbsp;mitigation measures&nbsp;and aid in advance planning to minimize impacts....

Background: Exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may mediate cardiovascular effects of exposure to air pollution. This study aims to investigate whether circulating miRNAs mediate the...

Nitrophenols (NPs) are&nbsp;hazardous pollutants&nbsp;found in various environmental matrices, including ambient fine&nbsp;particulate matter&nbsp;(PM2.5), agricultural residues, rainwater, wildfires, and&nbsp;industrial wastes. This study showed for the first time the effect of ...

Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a pollutant of concern not only because of its adverse effects on human health but also on visibility and the radiative budget of the atmosphere. PM can be considered as a sum of solid/liquid species covering a wide range of particle sizes with...

Exposure to ozone and fine particle (PM2.5) air pollution results in premature death. These pollutants are predominantly secondary in nature and can form from nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Predicted health benefits for emission...

To investigate changes in the ozone (O3) chemical production regime over the contiguous United States (CONUS) with accurate knowledge of concentrations of its precursors, we applied an inverse modeling technique with Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) tropospheric&nbsp;nitrogen di...

The two-way coupled Weather Research and Forecasting and Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model has been developed to more realistically represent the atmosphere by accounting for complex chemistry&ndash;meteorology feedbacks. In this study, we present a comparative an...

Background: Short-term exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes. Supplementation of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has shown protection against exposure to fine particulate matter. This study aims t...

The partition of gas-phase organic nitrates (ONs) to aerosols and subsequent hydrolysis are regarded as important loss mechanisms for ON species. However, the hydrolysis mechanisms and the major factors controlling the hydrolysis lifetime are not fully understood. In this work, w...

Ozone exposure induces neuroendocrine stress response, which causes lymphopenia. It was hypothesized that ozone-induced increases in stress hormones will temporally follow changes in circulating granulocytes, monocytes- and lymphocyte subpopulations. The goal of this study was to...

Natural emissions, or emissions of trace gases and particles in the absence of anthropogenic activity, have profound impacts on air quality and the Earth&rsquo;s atmosphere. Natural emissions can occur through episodic events that dramatically affect the environment. Natural emis...

The weathering release rate of base cations&nbsp;(BCw) from soil minerals is fundamentally important&nbsp;for terrestrial ecosystem growth, function, and sensitivityto acid deposition. Understanding BCw is necessary&nbsp;to reduce or prevent damage to acid-sensitive&nbsp;natural ...

The role of anthropogenic NOx&nbsp;emissions in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) production is not fully understood but is important for understanding the contribution of emissions to air quality. Here, we examine the role of organic nitrates (RONO2) in SOA formation over the Kore...

Purpose: Prior versions of the Tool for Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and other environmental Impacts (TRACI) have recognized the need for spatial variability when characterizing eutrophication. However, the method’s underlying environmental models had not been updated to ...

In 2018, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 19867-1 &ldquo;Harmonized laboratory test protocols&rdquo; were released with the intent of establishing improved international comparability for data on cookstove air pollutant emissions, efficiency, safety, and d...

We compare Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model predictions with measured nitrous acid (HONO) concentrations in Beijing, China, for December&nbsp;2015. The model with the existing HONO chemistry in CMAQ severely underestimates the observed HONO concentrations with a norm...

Reducing PM2.5&nbsp;and ozone concentrations is important to protect human health and the environment. Chemical transport models, such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model, are valuable tools for exploring policy options for improving air quality but are computati...

The dry deposition process refers to flux loss of an atmospheric pollutant due to uptake of the pollutant by the Earth's surfaces, including vegetation, underlying soil, and any other surface types. In chemistry transport models (CTMs), the dry deposition flux of a chemical speci...

Critical loads of atmospheric deposition help decision-makers identify harmful levels of air pollution. But when critical loads are exceeded, how can the accompanying environmental risk be quantified? We use epiphytic macrolichens to assess risks from nitrogen and sulfur-containi...

Sediment accumulation in drinking water storage facilities may lead to water quality degradation, including biological growth and disinfectant decay. The current research evaluated the microbial community present in a sediment after sequential exposure to monochloramine, free chl...

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a method of manufacturing three-dimensional objects by joining materials layer-by-layer under the direction of a computer. With a wide variety of printable materials and manufacturing processes, 3D printing is becoming increasingly useful in env...

While large-scale adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) globally would reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) and traditional air pollutant emissions from the transportation sector, emissions from the electric sector, refineries, and potentially other sources would change in response. Here, a...

The Chesapeake Bay watershed has been the focus of pioneering studies of the role of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition as a nutrient source and driver of estuarine trophic status. Here, we review the history and evolution of scientific investigations of the role of atmospheric ...

Agricultural best management practices (BMPs) reduce non-point source pollution from cropland. Goals for BMP adoption and expected pollutant load reductions are often specified in water quality management plans to protect and restore waterbodies; however, estimates of needed load...

NASA’s Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ, conducted in 2011–2014) campaign in the United States and the joint NASA and National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER) Korea–United S...