Main Title |
Control of Hydrocarbon Emissions from Gasoline Loading by Refrigeration Systems. |
Author |
Battye, William ;
Brown, Patricia ;
Misenheimer, David ;
Seufert, Frederick ;
|
CORP Author |
GCA Corp., Bedford, MA. GCA Technology Div.;Industrial Environmental Research Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC. |
Year Published |
1981 |
Report Number |
EPA-68-02-3168; EPA-600/7-81-121; |
Stock Number |
PB81-240335 |
Additional Subjects |
Air pollution control ;
Hydrocarbons ;
Gasoline ;
Loading procedures ;
Refrigerating ;
Leakage ;
Cost analysis ;
Capitalized costs ;
Concentration(Composition) ;
Operating costs ;
Design criteria ;
Performance evaluation ;
Volatile organic compounds
|
Holdings |
Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last Modified |
Checkout Status |
NTIS |
PB81-240335 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
Collation |
56p |
Abstract |
The report gives results of a study of the capabilities of refrigeration systems, operated at three temperatures, to control volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from truck loading at bulk gasoline terminals. Achievable VOC emission rates were calculated for refrigeration systems cooling various gasoline/air mixtures to -62 C, -73 C, and -84 C by estimating vapor/liquid equilibrium compositions for VOC/air mixtures. Emission rates were calculated for inlet streams containing vapors from low- and high-volatility gasolines at concentrations of 15, 30, and 50% by volume (22.5, 45, and 75% measured as propane). Predicted VOC emission rates for systems cooling various inlet streams to -62 C ranged from 48 to 59 mg VOC/liter of gasoline loaded. Predicted VOC were 21 to 28 mg/l loaded for systems operating at -73 C and 8.7 to 12 mg/l loaded for systems operating at -84 C. Compressor electrical requirements and relative capital costs for systems operating at the above temperatures were estimated for model systems using the results of a computer simulation. Compressor electrical requirements ranged from 0.11 to 0.45 Whr/l loaded, depending on the inlet VOC concentration and the outlet temperature. The capital cost to build a system designed to cool vapors to -84 C is estimated to be about 9% higher than for a system designed to operate at -73 C. |
NTIS Title Notes |
Final rept. Dec 80-Apr 81. |
PUB Date Free Form |
Jul 81 |
Category Codes |
13B; 68A |
NTIS Prices |
PC A04/MF A01 |
Primary Description |
600/13 |
Document Type |
NT |
Cataloging Source |
NTIS/MT |
Control Number |
323802907 |
Origin |
NTIS |
Type |
CAT |