Main Title |
Retrospective Assessment of the Costs of the Clean Water Act: 1972 to 1997. Final Report. |
Author |
G. L. Van Houtven ;
S. B. Brunnermeier ;
M. C. Buckley
|
CORP Author |
RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC.; Tetra Tech, Inc., Fairfax, VA.; Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Water. |
Year Published |
2000 |
Report Number |
RTI-6741-300-303; EPA-67-W7-0018 |
Stock Number |
PB2011-108042 |
Additional Subjects |
Water pollution control ;
Cost assessments ;
Tables (Data) ;
Figures ;
Policies ;
Conceptual framework ;
Pollution abatement ;
Cost categories ;
Regulated entities ;
Expenditures estimates ;
Simulations ;
Water pollution abatement ;
Clean Water Act (CWA) ;
Federal Water Pollution Control Act
|
Holdings |
Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last Modified |
Checkout Status |
NTIS |
PB2011-108042 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
Collation |
124p |
Abstract |
In 1972, Congress enacted the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, commonly known as the Clean Water Act (CWA), to 'restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation's waters.' Subsequently amended in 1977 and reauthorized in 1987, the CWA has generally been credited with reversing a century-long trend in water quality degradation. To achieve these results, however, the Act has imposed certain costs on society. This study assesses the magnitude of these costs in recent years, now that the CWA has been in place for over a quarter century. To properly account for these costs, it is important to stress that some of the costs that are currently being incurred to reduce water pollution would have existed even without the CWA. Although the CWA established a discharge permit system and provided significant federal financial assistance for constructing public treatment facilities, significant public and private investments in water pollution control existed prior to 1972. These expenditures would most likely have continued to grow after 1972 even if the CWA had not been enacted. Therefore, the approach taken in this study is to, not only estimate recent nationwide costs of water pollution abatement (WPA), but also to simulate and deduct from these estimates the WPA costs that would have been incurred without the CWA. |
Supplementary Notes |
Prepared in cooperation with Tetra Tech, Inc., Fairfax, VA. Sponsored by Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Water. |
Availability Notes |
Product reproduced from digital image. Order this product from NTIS by: phone at 1-800-553-NTIS (U.S. customers); (703)605-6000 (other countries); fax at (703)605-6900; and email at orders@ntis.gov. NTIS is located at 5301 Shawnee Road, Alexandria, VA, 22312, USA. |
PUB Date Free Form |
Oct 2000 |
Category Codes |
68D; 91A; 43F; 96A |
NTIS Prices |
PC A07/MF A07 |
Document Type |
NT |
Cataloging Source |
NTIS/MT |
Control Number |
119200770 |
Origin |
NTIS |
Type |
CAT |