| Main Title |
Negatively buoyant jets in a cross flow / |
| Author |
Anderson, Jerry Lee, ;
Parker, Frank L. ;
Benedict., Barry A.
|
| Other Authors |
|
| CORP Author |
Vanderbilt Univ., Nashville, Tenn. Dept. of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering.;Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. |
| Publisher |
U.S. G.P.O., |
| Year Published |
1973 |
| Report Number |
EPA-660/2-73-012; EPA-R-800613; EPA-16130-FDQ; W74-10200 |
| Stock Number |
PB-234 177 |
| OCLC Number |
00997605 |
| Subjects |
Water jets ;
Water--Pollution ;
Thermal pollution of rivers, lakes, etc
|
| Additional Subjects |
Thermal pollution ;
Hydraulic jets ;
Fluid flow ;
Outfall sewers ;
Surface waters ;
Cooling water ;
Density ;
Mathematical models ;
Dilution ;
Entrainment ;
Buoyancy ;
Froude number ;
Computer programs
|
| Internet Access |
|
| Holdings |
| Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last
Modified |
Checkout
Status |
| EJBD |
EPA 660-2-73-012 |
|
Headquarters Library/Washington,DC |
06/09/2015 |
| ELBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 660-2-73-012 |
Received from HQ |
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
10/04/2023 |
| ELBD |
EPA 660-2-73-012 |
|
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
12/04/2018 |
| NTIS |
PB-234 177 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
| Collation |
xiii, 199 pages : illustrations ; 27 cm. |
| Abstract |
Modification of Fan's and Abrahams jet diffusion models were used to predict the trajectory and dilution of a negatively buoyant jet. Such jets can occur when a chemical waste is discharged into a less dense ambient water or when cool, hypolimnetic water is used for condenser cooling water and discharged into less dense surface waters, then a sinking jet would result. Experimental investigations were conducted involving different combinations of densimetric Froude number, velocity ratio, and initial angle of discharge. Salt was used as the tracer, yielding a fluid that was denser than the ambient receiving water and facilitated measuring concentration profiles of the jet plume. The experimental data was then fitted with predicted jet dilution, trajectory, and cross sectional values for each model. |
| Notes |
Prepared for Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under grant R-800613, project 16130 FDQ, program element 1BA032. Includes bibliographical references (pages 121-124). |
| Contents Notes |
"Negatively buoyant jets, or sinking jets, can be observed in many problems of pollutant discharge. Any chemical waste that is heavier than the receiving water into which it is discharged may act as a negatively buoyant jet. In addition, when water is taken from the hypolimnion of a deep lake or reservoir and used as cooling water, the temperature, and consequently, the discharge may behave like a negatively buoyant jet. Two existing jet diffusion models have been utilized to predict the trajectory and dilution of a positively buoyant jet, or a rising jet, and have been modified to account for the sinking effect. Twenty-four experimental investigations were conducted involving different combinations of densimetric Froude number, velocity ratios, and initial angle of discharge. Salt was used as the tracer, yielding a fluid that was denser than the ambient receiving water and facilitated measuring concentration profiles of the jet plume. The coefficient of entrainment, the major mechanism of dilution, was determined as a function of the densimetric Froude number, velocity ratio, and initial angle of discharge. The reducted drag coefficient was chosen as zero for both models since any other value would predict a trajectory whose rise would be less than experimentally observed. For all angles of discharge the entrainment coefficient increased with a decrease in the velocity ratio and with an increase in densimetric Froude number. Additionally, there was a marked decrease in the entrainmnet coefficient with a decrease in the initial angle of discharge."--Page ii. Conclusions -- Recommendations -- Introduction -- Review of the literature -- Analytical developments of Fan's and Abraham's model -- Methods and material -- Analysis for data and presentation of results -- Summary and conclusions -- List of references -- Glossary -- list of notations -- Appendices. Salinity-density relationship ; Computer program -- Fan's model ; Computer program -- Abraham's model ; Computer program -- DRKGS ; Calibration of o.5 gpm rotameter ; Calibration of 60 V-notch weir ; Computer program -- analysis ; Observed values and theoretical curves predicted by Fan's and Abraham's model. |
| Place Published |
Washington |
| Availability Notes |
Paper copy available from GPO, PC$2.50. |
| Corporate Au Added Ent |
United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Research and Development. |
| Title Ser Add Ent |
Research reporting series. Environmental protection technology ; EPA-660/2-73-012. |
| PUB Date Free Form |
1973 |
| Series Title Traced |
Environmental protection technology series, 1973, 12 |
| Series Title Untraced |
Environmental protection technology series ; EPA-660/2-73-012 |
| NTIS Prices |
PC-GPO/MF A01-NTIS |
| BIB Level |
m |
| Medium |
unmediated |
| Content |
text |
| Carrier |
volume |
| Cataloging Source |
OCLC/T |
| OCLC Time Stamp |
20181127064520 |
| Language |
eng |
| SUDOCS Number |
EP 1.23/2:660/2-73-012 |
| Origin |
OCLC |
| Type |
MERGE |
| OCLC Rec Leader |
04461cam 2200541Ii 45010 |
