| Main Title |
Toxicity of Copper to Cutthroat Trout ('Salmo clarki') under Different Conditions of Alkalinity, pH, and Hardness. |
| Author |
Chakoumakos, Charles ;
Russo, Rosemarie C. ;
Thurston, Robert V. ;
|
| CORP Author |
Montana State Univ., Bozeman. Fisheries Bioassay Lab.;Environmental Research Lab.-Duluth, Monticello, MN. |
| Year Published |
1981 |
| Report Number |
EPA-R-800861; EPA-600/J-79-122; |
| Stock Number |
PB81-184798 |
| Additional Subjects |
Copper ;
Toxicology ;
Lethal dosage ;
Concentration(Composition) ;
Fishes ;
pH ;
Hardness ;
Alkalinity ;
Bioassay ;
Reprints ;
Toxic substances ;
Salmo clarki ;
Cutthroat trout ;
Rainbow trout ;
Salmo gairdneri ;
Heavy metals
|
| Holdings |
| Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last
Modified |
Checkout
Status |
| NTIS |
PB81-184798 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
| Collation |
9p |
| Abstract |
Median lethal concentration (96-h LC50) values for acute copper toxicity to 3-10 g cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki) have been determined for nine different combinations of alkalinity, hardness, and pH. Equilibrium calculations were performed on the copper LC50 values; seven different soluble species of copper were considered: Cu2+, CuOH+, Cu(OH)20, Cu2-(OH)22+, CuHCO3+, CuHCO30, and Cu(C03)22-. The acute toxicity of copper was inversely correlated with water hardness and alkalinity. At a given alkalinity, hardness determined the LC50; at a given hardness, alkalinity determined the LC50. At a given alkalinity and hardness, the concentrations of the copper species were determined by the pH of the water. Under the conditions tested, Cu2+, CuOH+, Cu(OH)20, and Cu2(OH)22+ were toxic forms of copper to cutthroat trout; CuHCO3+, CuCO30 and cu(CO3)22- were not toxic. Results of 11 96-h copper toxicity bioassays on 1- to 26-g rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) under uniform water chemistry conditions also reported. |
| Supplementary Notes |
Prepared in cooperation with Maine Univ. at Farmington, ME. Dept. of Chemistry. Pub. in Environmental Science and Technology, v13 213p Feb 79. |
| NTIS Title Notes |
Journal article. |
| Title Annotations |
Reprint: Toxicity of Copper to Cutthroat Trout ('Salmo clarki') under Different Conditions of Alkalinity, pH, and Hardness. |
| PUB Date Free Form |
Apr 81 |
| Category Codes |
6T; 57Y |
| NTIS Prices |
PC A02/MF A01 |
| Primary Description |
600/03 |
| Document Type |
NT |
| Cataloging Source |
NTIS/MT |
| Control Number |
323796102 |
| Origin |
NTIS |
| Type |
CAT |
