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Main Title

Integrated science assessment for oxides of nitrogen [electronic resource] health criteria /

CORP Author

Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. National Center for Environmental Assessment.

Publisher

National Center for Environmental Assessment-RTP Division,

Year Published

2008

Report Number

EPA/600/R-08/071; EPA/600/R-08/072

Stock Number

PB2008-114107

OCLC Number

233973186

Subjects

Nitrogen oxides--Health aspects ; Nitrogen oxides--Toxicology ; Nitrogen oxides--Physiological effect

Additional Subjects

Nitrogen oxides ; Health effects ; Air pollution effects ; Environmental impacts ; Exposure sources ; Atmospheric chemistry ; Atmospheric concentrations ; Mortality ; Morbidity ; Respiratory effects ; Cardiovascular effects ; Nitrogen dioxide ; Public health ; Particulate matter ; Integrated Science Assessment (ISA) ; Ambient air nitrogen oxides exposures ; Air quality ; Dosimetry ; Toxicology ; Epidemiology

Internet Access

Description	Access URL
600-R-08-072	https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=910176SL.PDF
	http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay.cfm?deid=194645
	http://oaspub.epa.gov/eims/eimscomm.getfile?p_download_id=475020
600-R-08-071	https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P100CSES.PDF

Holdings

Library	Call Number	Additional Info	Location	Last Modified
ELBD RPS	EPA 600-R-08-071,072	repository copy	AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH	01/29/2018
NTIS	PB2008-114107	Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown.		07/26/2022
NTIS	PB2008-114610	Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown.		07/26/2022

Collation

[260,453] pages : digital file, PDF

Abstract

This concise evaluation and synthesis of the most policy-relevant science forms the scientific foundation for the review of the primary (health-based) NAAQS for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) currently set at 0.053 ppm, annual average. Its intent is to accurately reflect the latest scientific knowledge useful in indicating the kind and extent of all identifiable effects on public health or welfare which may be expected from the presence of such pollutant in ambient air (Clean Air Act, Section 108, 2003). Key information and judgments from the previous AQCDs for NOX are incorporated in this assessment. Details of the pertinent scientific literature published since the last review and selected older studies of particular interest are included in annexes. The terms oxides of nitrogen or nitrogen oxides refer to all forms of oxidized nitrogen compounds, including nitric oxide (NO), NO2, and all other oxidized nitrogen-containing compounds transformed from NO and NO2 (defined further in Chapter 2, Section 2.1). Descriptions of the atmospheric chemistry of NOX include both gaseous and particulate species; a meaningful analysis would not be possible otherwise. Most studies on the health effects of gaseous NOX focus on NO2; effects of other gaseous species are considered as information is available. The health effects of particulate NOX are included in the review of the NAAQS for particulate matter (PM). In evaluating the health evidence, possible influences of other co-occurring atmospheric pollutants such as PM, sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) are considered.

Notes

"EPA/600/R-08/071." "EPA/600/R-08/072." "July 2008." Title from title screen (viewed July 15, 2008). Includes bibliographical references.

Contents Notes

Preface -- Introduction -- Document Development -- Document Organization -- EPA Framework for Causal Determinations -- Source to Exposure -- Introduction -- Sources and Atmospheric Chemistry -- Measurement Methods -- Atmospheric Concentrations -- Exposure Issues -- NO2 On or Near Roads -- Indoor Sources and Sinks of NO2 and Associated Pollutants -- Relationship of Personal Exposure to Ambient Concentrations -- NO2 as a Component and Indicator of Pollutant Mixtures -- Exposure Error in Epidemiologic Studies -- Summary of Issues in Assessing Exposures to NO2 -- Dosimetry of Inhaled NOX -- Integrated Health Effects -- Respiratory Morbidity Related to Short-Term Exposure -- Cardiovascular Effects Related to Short-Term Exposure -- Mortality Related to Short-Term Exposure -- Respiratory Effects Related to Long-Term Exposure -- Other Morbidity Effects Related to Long-Term Exposure -- Reproductive and Developmental Effects -- Mortality Related to Long-Term Exposure -- Public Health Impact -- Defining Adverse Health Effects -- Concentration-Response Functions and Potential Thresholds -- Susceptible and Vulnerable Populations -- At-Risk Susceptible Population Estimates -- Summary of Public Health Issues -- Summary and Conclusions -- Introduction -- Key Source to Exposure Findings -- Key Health Effects Findings -- Conclusions. Oxides of nitrogen is one of six principal (or "criteria") pollutants for which EPA has established national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). The Clean Air Act requires EPA to periodically review the scientific basis for these standards by preparing an Integrated Science Assessment (ISA), formerly called an Air Quality Criteria Document (AQCD). The ISA was prepared as part of the review of the primary or human health-based NAAQS for oxides of nitrogen. The Final NO2 ISA evaluates and integrates the newly available health evidence, and contains the key information and judgments formerly found in the AQCD. A series of Annexes to the draft ISA provides more extensive and detailed summaries of the most pertinent scientific literature. This is EPA's latest evaluation of the scientific literature on the potential adverse health effects resulting from exposures to oxides of nitrogen, particularly nitrogen dioxide or NO2. There are significant new data, particularly epidemiological studies, that strengthen the evidence for these effects since the last scientific review document was released in 1993.

Place Published

Research Triangle Park, NC.

Supplementary Notes