Abstract |
ROADWAY is a finite-difference model which solves a conservation of species equation to predict pollutant concentrations within two hundred meters of a highway. It uses surface layer similarity theory to predict wind and eddy diffusion profiles from temperature at two heights and wind velocity upwind of the highway. A unique feature of the model is its use of vehicle wake theory. It is assumed that vehicle wakes affect the wind and turbulance fields in a linear manner with wake intensity a function of vehicle speed, downwind distance, and distance from the wake center. HIWAY is a model which computes the hourly concentrations of non-reactive pollutants downwind of roadways. It is applicable for uniform wind conditions and level terrain. Although best suited for at-grade highways, it can also be applied to depressed highways. |