Abstract |
The protocol outlines methods for laboratory tests on the effects of Microbial Pest Control Agents on Lepidoptera. It will attempt to cover the mode of action of agents like viruses, bacteria, and fungi in addition to preparations of naturally produced toxins like those of Bacillus thuringiensis. Three methods will be used to introduce the agent: contact toxicity, topical application, and ingestion. In keeping with the recommendations of the International Organization for Biological Control (IOBC), the susceptibility testing will not only evaluate the immediate effects caused by contact, residual, or food-chain mediated mortality but also emphasize assessing the influence on reproduction, development, and survival. |