Haematopoietic Stem Cells And Haematopoiesis -- Clonal Dominance after Reconstitution of the Haematopoietic System with Bone Marrow Cells Retroviral -- Function of the Membrane-Bound Isoform Ligands of the Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Subclass III in Inducing Inducing Self-Renewal of Early Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells -- Functional and Phenotypic Heterogeneity of the Human Hematopoietic Stem Cell (HSC) Compartment -- Alterations of Frequency of Hematopoietic Precursors in Mice Subjected to Multiple Courses of Low-Dose G-CSF Injections -- Regulation of Hematopoiesis by Growth Factors -- Biology Of Non-Haematopoietic Stem Cells -- Stem Cell Technologies in Gerontological Research -- Osteopetrotic Models for Identifying Genes that Control Bone Resorption -- Non-Hematopoietic Bone Marrow Cells for Regenerative Medicine -- Epithelial Plasticity of Hepatocytes During Liver Tumor Progression -- Blood Vessels as a Source of Progenitor Cells in Human Embryonic and Adult Life -- Stem Cells And Malignancy -- Stem Cells and Leukaemia -- Telomere and Stem Cell Biology in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia -- Potential Immune Escape Mechanisms of Tumors: MHC Class I Molecules - Enemies or Friends -- The RUNX1 Transcription Factor: A Gatekeeper in Acute Leukemia -- Cell Processing, Expansion and Genetic Modification -- Novel Methodological Approaches in Assessment and Enrichment of Stem Cell Population -- Animal Hybrids and Stem Cells: Their Use in Biotechnology and Clinical Practice -- Cryopreservation of Stem Cells -- The M813 Retrovirus belongs to a Unique Interference Group and is Highly Fusogenic -- Reconstructing an Anti-Tumor Immune Repertoire for Targeted AML Therapy -- Clinical Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation -- Experience of Kyiv Center of Stem Cell Transplantation -- Anti Thymocyte Globuline Allows for Successful Transplantation from HLA Mismatched Unrelated Donors. This publication was initiated on the occasion of the NATO-Advanced Study Institute (ASI) meeting "Stem Cells and their potential for clinical application" which took place from August 23 - 25, 2006 in Kyiv and from August 26 - 31, 2006 in Simeiz, Ukraine. The meeting was devoted to "hot topics" in Stem cell research such as Regulation of Haematopoietic and Non-haematopoietic Stem Cells, Clinical Application of Stem Cells, Preclinical Models and Gene Therapy. The editors are pleased that the original idea of a book could eventually be realised. This was made possible because of the willingness of many meeting participants to saddle themselves with the additional work of compiling their data and thoughts in form of an article for this edition. We are thus foremost grateful to all contributors for their valuable input. In accordance with the conference's main topics, the book is divided into five chapters - "Haematopoietic stem cells and haematopoiesis", "Biology of n- haematopoietic stem cells", "Stem cells and malignancy", "Cell processing; expansion and genetic modification" and "Clinical haematopoietic stem cell transplantation".