Background.- Radiosonde measurements -- Remote Sensing Temperature Retrievals -- Rocketsondes -- Atmospheric Models -- Basic Assumptions and Formulas -- Primary Constants -- Perfect Gas Law -- Molecular-scale Temperature -- Hydrostatic Equation -- Geopotential -- Pressure -- Thermal Wind Equation -- Derived Quantities -- Speed of Sound -- Coefficient of Viscosity -- Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity -- Atmospheric models -- Introduction -- Construction of atmospheric profiles for altitudes below 10 kilometers -- Latitudinal and seasonal variation -- Temperature -- Density and pressure -- Supporting data. For more than three decades, the US Standard Atmosphere has been used by researchers and professionals in many areas of aeronautics and atmospheric sciences. It is an idealized, all season average temperature profile of the earth's atmosphere. But today's modern day and sophisticated global applications require more extensive representations of the mean temperature profile. This book is a global augmentation of the climatological tropospheric temperature profiles in the Northern Hemisphere for different latitude belts and seasons. There are 72 mean temperature profile tables from the surface up to 10 kilometers in height that represent the four seasons for different latitudinal belts (5° N, 10° N , 15° N, 20° N, 25° N, 30° N, 35° N, 40° N, 45° N, 50° N, 55° N, 60° N, 65° N, 70° N, 75° N, 80° N, 85° N). The model is based on a neural network algorithm that uses archived radiosonde data, retrieved temperature profiles from remote sensors, and the solar insolation at the top of the earth's atmosphere. It is the most comprehensive book of mean seasonal tropospheric temperature profiles to date. It will be an indispensible reference to the aeronautic and meteorological industries worldwide as well as an easy-to-use guide for climatologists, meteorologists, aeronautic engineers, researchers and aviators.