The U.S. EPA's particulate research and development program, divided between an in-house laboratory effort and extramural work at various research institutes, makes use of electrostatics in most of the work associated with stack or ducted emissions. Research facilities which offer a large degree of flexibility and capability are described. Significant work currently underway, making use of electrostatics, includes: (1) smooth large-diameter discharge electrodes (9-10 mm), that have been evaluated in 1/3- and 10-MW pilot units; (2) the multistage electrostatic precipitator (ESP), consisting of several two-stage ESPs in series, each using cold-pipe prechargers and collectors with large diameter electrodes; (3) the E-SOX process, combining the multistage ESP with a spray dryer in an existing ESP, for simultaneous SO2 and fly ash removal (including injections of soda ash and lime slurry droplets); and (4) electrostatically augmented fabric filtration with fly ash (including spray drying by-product material).