Record Display for the EPA National Library Catalog
RECORD NUMBER: 3 OF 3Main Title | Stormwater treatment at critical areas evaluation of filtration media / [electronic resource] : | |||||||||||
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Author | Clark, Shirley E. ; Clark, S. ; Pitt, R. | |||||||||||
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CORP Author | Alabama Univ. at Birmingham. Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering.;National Risk Management Research Lab., Cincinnati, OH. Office of Research and Development. | |||||||||||
Publisher | National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, | |||||||||||
Year Published | 1999 | |||||||||||
Report Number | EPA/600/R-00/010 | |||||||||||
Stock Number | PB2000-104209 | |||||||||||
Subjects | Rainwater--Purification ; Water--Purification--Filtration ; Runoff--Environmental aspects | |||||||||||
Additional Subjects | Storm water runoff ; Filtration ; Effectiveness ; Filters ; Surface runoff ; Water treatment ; Water pollution control ; Streams ; Estuaries ; Urban runoff ; Surface waters ; Hydraulics ; Hydrology ; Water quality ; Pretreatment ; Sorption ; Clogging ; Suspended solids ; Inflow ; Birmingham(Alabama) ; Ionic strength | |||||||||||
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Collation | 1 online resource ([368] p.) : ill., charts, digital, PDF file. | |||||||||||
Abstract | Stormwater filters currently in operation typically use the following media - sand, compost, and peat. This research tested the capabilities of the media currently in use, plus others with known filtering capability (activated carbon, zeolite, a cotton milling waste, and a wood waste), in both controlled laboratory and field conditions. Influent and effluent samples from each filter column were analyzed for toxicity, turbidity, conductivity, pH, major anions and cations, and particle size distribution for each test. This research demonstrated that physical clogging of the filters occurred well before the sorptive capacity of most media is reached when stormwater runoff is filtered without adequate pre-treatment. If adequate pre-settling is done, the solids remaining in the runoff are generally very small (colloidal). These filters are capable of removing many of the colloidal sized partiles; however, the percent removals (measured as suspended solids removal) are smaller when there are fewer larger particles in the influent. Testing using laboratory-scale columns showed that an activated carbon-sand filter is the best at removing the stormwater pollutants. In terms of chemical capacity, results of the testing showed that the activated carbon, peat moss, zeolite and compost were the most efficient media at removing the toxicants from the runoff and retaining them during subsequent flushings with clean distilled water. In all cases, the media had to be mixed with sand to maintain adequate flow rates. |
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Notes | "July 1999." Title from title screen (viewed Dec. 2, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 89-97). "EPA/600/R-00/010." "Funded wholly or in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under cooperative agreement no. CX 824933 for the University of Alabama at Birmingham"--P. ii. |