The Development and Status of the Baboon Genetic Linkage Map -- The Study of Captive Baboon Behavior -- Spontaneous Pathology of Baboons -- Growth and Development of Baboons -- Reproductive Biology of Baboons -- Microbiology of Captive Baboons -- Baboon Model for Endometriosis -- The Baboon in Embryology and Teratology Research -- Baboon Models for Neonatal Lung Disease -- The Baboon Model for Dental Development -- Baboon Model for Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis -- Baboon Model for the Study of Nutritional Influences on Pregnancy -- Baboon Model for Infant Nutrition -- Baboon Model for Ingestive Behaviors -- Baboon Model for Alcoholic Liver Disease: 1973-2003 -- Baboons in Drug Abuse Research -- Neuroimaging in Baboons -- The Baboon Model of Epilepsy: Current Applications in Biomedical Research -- The Baboon in Xenotransplant Research. Building on the foundation of two earlier volumes, The Baboon in Biomedical Research returns in an updated edition that presents the variety of uses and the importance of the baboon in biomedical research today. With contributions from leading researchers who use the baboon model, the new edition, edited by John L. VandeBerg, Suzette D. Tardif, and Sarah Williams-Blangero, provides a cogent introduction to this nonhuman primate model and serves as a valuable guide for researchers as well as laboratory animal veterinarians. The volume begins with a chapter on the baboon gene map, the first genetic linkage map developed for any nonhuman primate species. Subsequent chapters present the results of decades of research on basic biological characteristics of baboons: microbiology, reproductive biology, growth and development, behavior, and spontaneous pathology. The remaining chapters summarize the scientific contributions of baboons as models of human diseases or physiological or developmental characteristics, including neonatal lung disease, dental development, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis, pregnancy, ingestive behaviors, infant nutrition, alcoholic liver disease, drug abuse, neuroimaging, epilepsy, and xenotransplantation. The baboon already has a 50-year history of significant contributions as a model for human states of health and disease. This volume highlights the exciting research that is currently being conducted with this animal model and suggests future directions for the baboon in biomedical research.