Biogeography and Primates: A Review -- Biogeography and Primates: A Review -- Neotropics -- Nested Distribution Patterns and the Historical Biogeography of the Primates of Guyana -- Genetic Evidence on the Historical Biogeography of Central American Howler Monkeys -- Ecological Biogeography of Primates in Guyana -- Africa -- Contrasting Phylogeographic Histories of Chimpanzees in Nigeria and Cameroon: A Multi-Locus Genetic Analysis -- Geographic Variation in Savanna Baboon (Papio) Ecology and its Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications -- Biogeography and Evolution of the Cercocebus-Mandrillus Clade: Evidence from the Face -- Madagascar -- Lemur Biogeography -- Mouse Lemur Phylogeography Revises a Model of Ecogeographic Constraint in Madagascar -- Abiotic and Biotic Factors as Predictors of Species Richness on Madagascar -- Asia -- The Geography of Mammals and Rivers in Mainland Southeast Asia -- Primate Biogeography and Ecology on the Sunda Shelf Islands: A Paleontological and Zooarchaeological Perspective -- Primate Biogeography in Deep Time -- The Biogeography of Primate Evolution: The Role of Plate Tectonics, Climate and Chance -- Biogeographic Origins of Primate Higher Taxa -- Mammalian Biogeography and Anthropoid Origins -- Continental Paleobiogeography as Phylogenetic Evidence. Biogeography, the study of the distribution of organisms over the surface of the earth, plays a central role in our understanding of virtually all aspects of the biology of primates and other animals, including systematics, mechanisms of speciation, population genetics and demography. The distribution of primates relative to aspects of climate and habitat, including altitude, forest type, and food availability, forms the basis for our understanding of ecological and behavioral adaptations. The biogeography of primates in the past is a major component of our understanding of their evolutionary history and is an essential component of conservation biology. This volume, which brings together these papers on the biogeography of primates, past and present, provides an introduction to Primate Biogeography as a discipline, illustrates the many factors that may influence the distribution of primates, and demonstrates the wide range of methodological approaches that are available to understanding the distribution of this order.