Main Title |
Benefits of maintaining a chlorine residual in water supply systems / |
Author |
Snead, Michael C., ;
Olivieri, Vincent P. ;
Kruse, Cornelius W. ;
Kawata, Kazuyoshi
|
Other Authors |
|
CORP Author |
Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD. School of Hygiene and Public Health.;Municipal Environmental Research Lab., Cincinnati, OH. Wastewater Research Div. |
Publisher |
Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Available through the National Technical Information Service. |
Year Published |
1980 |
Report Number |
EPA-600/2-80-010; EPA-R-804307; PB81110892 |
Stock Number |
PB81-110892 |
OCLC Number |
13609990 |
Subjects |
Chlorine ;
Water--Purification--Chlorination ;
Drinking water--Contamination--United States ;
Water--Microbiology ;
Water--Bacteriology
|
Additional Subjects |
Potable water ;
Chlorination ;
Coliform bacteria ;
Shigella ;
Salmonella ;
pH ;
Temperature ;
Concentration(Composition) ;
Drinking water ;
Water pollution control
|
Internet Access |
|
Holdings |
Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last Modified |
Checkout Status |
EHAM |
TD747.S63 1980 |
|
Region 1 Library/Boston,MA |
04/29/2016 |
EJBD |
EPA 600-2-80-010 |
|
Headquarters Library/Washington,DC |
05/16/2016 |
ELBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 600-2-80-010 |
Received from HQ |
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
10/04/2023 |
ELBD |
EPA 600-2-80-010 |
|
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
12/27/2002 |
ERAD |
EPA 600/2-80-010 |
|
Region 9 Library/San Francisco,CA |
10/01/2012 |
ESAD |
EPA 600-2-80-010 |
|
Region 10 Library/Seattle,WA |
03/23/2010 |
NTIS |
PB81-110892 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
Collation |
xiii, 175 pages : illustrations ; 28 cm. |
Abstract |
The protection afforded the water consumer by the maintenance of a chlorine residual in water distribution systems was evaluated in laboratory holding tanks and reservoirs and existing municipal water distribution systems. In the laboratory studies, tap water, adjusted to the appropriate pH, temperature, and chlorine residual, was challenged with varying levels of autoclaved sewage seeded with Shigella, Salmonella coliforms, poliovirus 1, and f2 bacterial virus. Comparative survivals of these microorganisms were evaluated over two hour periods. As expected microbial inactivation was increased by lower pH, higher temperature, higher initial chlorine concentration, and lower sewage concentration. An initial free chlorine concentration was more effective than an equivalent initial combined chlorine residual. The maintenance of a free chlorine residual was found to be the single most effective measure for maintaining a low plate count in the distribution system. More than 6000 plate count isolates were studied and classified into functional groups based on seven biochemical characteristics. |
Notes |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 102-106). Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Municipal Environmental Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, submitted by the Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Division of Environmental Health Engineering, under grant no. Contract Number: R804307. |