| Abstract |
The guide presents a methodology for evaluating applicability of volatilization technologies for removing volatile organics from water. The volatilization technologies assessed in the study include: surface sprayers, surface aerators, bubble columns, cooling towers, steam strippers, unaided evaporation from an impoundment, spray columns, and packed air stripping columns. The guide enables users to assess performance and cost under a variety operating conditions (e.g., temperature, influent concentration, allowable liquid and gas effluent concentration, and flow rates) for representative equipment designs that could be transported on a trailer 2.4 m wide, 13.7 m long, with a maximum height of 4.1 m. The designs are used as a basis to calculate representative contaminant removal efficiency, treatment rates, air emissions, and treatment costs of each technology. A key parameter used in assessing these technologies is the Kenry's Law constant (H). A tabulation of available values of H is provided for volatiles designated as hazardous by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA). Methods for estimating H are also described. Qualitative guidance is provided on other factors that should be considered during site-specific assessments of the technical and economic feasibility of volatilization technologies. Offgas treatment is not described. An example problem is solved to demonstrate the methodology. |
