The Technical Resource Document provides current information on the design, construction, and operation of surface impoundments used for the treatment, storage, or disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous wastes. The pertinent regulations under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) are summarized. Surface impoundment structures that will meet the regulatory requirements are described. RCRA's 'minimum technology requirements' specify double-lined structures with a leak collection and removal layer between the two liners. Dikes, liners, and leak collection layers may be constructed of combinations of soils and synthetic materials in multilayer systems. Other components, also described in the document, include leak detection systems, secondary containment, and liquid level monitoring systems. Methods for closing surface impoundments, either in-place or by waste removal, are described. In-place closure requires waste treatment and stabilization and the installation of a landfill cover that also must meet minimum technology regulatory requirements. Cover technology is also summarized. Details of the technologies summarized in the document may be found in the many references cited.

Shipping list no.: 91-0602-P. "June 1991." Includes bibliographical references (pages 161-184). "EPA/530/SW-91/054." "EPA purchase order no. 1C6081 NATX."