Influenza virus: The biology of a changing virus -- Influenza vaccines have a short but illustrious history -- The epidemiology of influenza and its control -- Influenza and influenza vaccination in children -- The immune response to influenza A viruses -- Correlates of protection against influenza -- The role of animal models in influenza vaccine research -- Live attenuated influenza vaccine -- MF59: A safe and potent oil in water emulsion adjuvant for influenza vaccines, which induces enhanced protection against virus challenge -- Non-recent history of influenza pandemics, vaccines, and adjuvants -- Waiting for a pandemic -- Modeling influenza pandemic and interventions. The threat constituted by the multiple outbreaks of avian influenza during the last few years is urgently calling for the development of new influenza vaccines. Fortunately, a quantum leap in technology has revolutionized the study of influenza and the engineering of new vaccine strains by reverse genetics. This volume provides a historical background and state-of-the-art information about the recent advances in the biology of influenza and the design of new influenza vaccines.