Viruses and the Innate Immune System -- How Viruses Elicit Interferon Production -- Genes Modulated by Interferons and Double-Stranded RNA -- Immunoevasive Strategies: Host and Virus -- Interferon Antagonists of Influenza Viruses -- The Anti-Interferon Mechanisms of Paramyxoviruses -- The Strategy of Conquest -- Immunomodulation by Poxviruses -- Interferon Antagonists Encoded by Emerging RNA Viruses -- Viral Pathogenesis and Toll-Like Receptors -- Digesting Oneself and Digesting Microbes -- Genetic Variation in Host Defenses and Viral Infections. This book is an excellent, up-to-date reference on a relatively young area of research in which virology, cellular biology and molecular pathogenesis govern the principles of coinvestigation. Thus, the book will be of great interest to virologists, molecular immunologists and biologists, and biochemists but also to clinical pharmacologists in the long-term search for new antiviral agents. Ulrich Desselberger, Gif-sur-Yvette/Cambridge. Infection of a naïve (non-immune) host with a virus elicits an immediate response which results in a cascade of changes in the host, including an interferon response (innate immunity). The outcome of this interaction is influenced by the genes of the virus as well as the genes of the host. Interestingly, different viruses do it in different ways. Not only is there a plethora of mechanisms used by the invading organisms, but the host has also evolved a great variety of redundant and robust countermeasures. This interplay of host and virus represents one of the most significant frontiers in biology today. A clearer understanding of the mechanisms involved will arm us with better strategies to deal with viruses, including emerging pathogens and potential bioterrorism agents. This book is sure to benefit students, scientists, and physicians working in the areas of virology, immunology, microbiology, and infectious diseases. Pharmaceutical industry professionals will also find interest in this illuminating look into virus/host interactions.