The Ludlow Sand and Gravel Site is located approximately six miles south of Utica, in the town of Paris, Oneida County, New York. The site consists of a gravel pit and landfill on a 130-acre tract of land, owned and operated by Mr. James Ludlow. It is surrounded by rural residential and agricultural land and includes a New York State designated wetland south and east of the fill area. The landfill, which is the focus of this ROD, is in a ground water recharge zone to the principal aquifer along Sauquoit Creek. Fill material is in contact with the ground water in some locations in the landfill. Sauquoit Creek serves as a major discharge point for ground water flowing from this aquifer. Various organizations and individuals have disposed of waste at the site since 1966. This waste included domestic wastes, septic tank effluent, industrial wastes such as dyes, waste oils and metallurgical cooling oils, and animal parts from a meat processing plant. In late 1982, sampling revealed traces of PCB contamination in the leachate pools on the southern portion of the property. In July 1987, the District Court of Binghamton ordered Mr. Ludlow to cease operations at the site. Mr. Ludlow complied with the court order and closed the landfill by February 15, 1988. The primary contaminants of concern affecting soil, sediments and ground water are VOCs including benzene and toluene and organics including PCBs and phenols. The selected remedial action for this site includes; consolidation and onsite disposal into the landfill of approximately 10,000 yd3 of contaminated soil and sediment adjacent to the landfill, and installation of an impermeable cover over the landfill; collection of leachate from seepage areas formed from the landfill and dewatering of the landfill through use of a passive drain system or an active well system with onsite treatment of the collected leachate/ground water and offsite discharge of the effluent, or, if dewatering is not implemented, collection and transportation of leachate offsite to a permitted disposal facility; implementation of up-gradient ground water controls to lower and prevent the ground water table from coming in contact with the waste material; access restrictions; imposition of deed restrictions governing future use of the property; and implementation of a long-term water quality monitoring program including both onsite and offsite ground water, surface water and potable water supply wells. A second remedial action will address ground water remediation, if necessary. This remedial action is a combination of three alternative remedies.