Based on previous success with conducting independent optimization evaluations at Fund-lead pump and treat sites (i.e., those sites with pump and treat systems funded and managed by Superfund and the States), the EPA Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) and the Office of Solid Waste (OSW) commissioned a study to pilot similar evaluations at facilities subject to corrective action under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). During 2003 and 2004, independent evaluations were performed at five RCRA facilities by an independent EPA contractor. The Remediation System Evaluation (RSE) process developed by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers was used. For each of the five sites, the RSE process included a review of site documents, a site tour to interview site stakeholders, and preparation of an RSE report. The five sites that received RSEs were selected by the EPA OSRTI and OSW based on nominations provided by EPA project managers. The sites had a number of similarities, including the following: (1) the primary contaminants of concern at all five sites were chlorinated solvents, such as TCE; (2) three of the five sites also had inorganic contaminants to address; (3) all five sites have either dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) or indications that DNAPL may be present; (4) four of the five sites involve contamination that is present in fractured rock; and (5) only one of the five sites had met both Environmental Indicators.

"EPA 542-R-04-018" September 2004