Purpose. Container drayage is widely recognized as a critical emissions, congestion, and capacity issue ofr major container ports and rail intermodal terminals. The objective of this project was to develop an emissions and activity model DrayFLEET that accurately depiects drayage activity in terms of VMT, eimssions, cost, and throughput, and can reliably reflect the impact of changing management practices, terminal operations, cargo volume, and diesel truck upgrades.