A review of tests used to evaluate reproductive toxicity and the application of such methodologies to the evaluation of the potential of pesticides to induce developmental and/or reproductive toxicity will be presented. Reproductive toxicity encompasses adverse effects on the male and female reproductive systems, teratology, and perinatal toxicity. Examples of adverse effects of pesticides on mammalian systems will be given as shown in multigeneration and teratology studies as well as tests designed to specifically identify the sites of injury to the reproductive system. Problems in the interpretation of such data will be illustrated by the studies which are discussed and suggestions for the improvement of test approaches are given.