This guide was developed through a collaboration between the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4; interested stakeholders; and the environmental and community involvement staff for Alabama, Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina. It is not intended to replace existing policy or guidelines. This guide provides an overview of two different assessments commonly performed at hazardous waste sites. These are the risk assessment and the public health assessment; both are required for all sites-commonly referred to as Superfund sites-listed on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) National Priorities List (NPL).